TABLE 3.

Recommendations for future association studies in cancer to aid in variable selection and studies of health disparities

Evaluate more than one nSES index in association studies Consider evaluating associations in both statistical and geospatial studies Include summary statistics on each domain within selected indices by race/ethnicity to evaluate if domains within indices might differentially impact or drive associations by race/ethnicity Expand nSES and cancer‐site specific studies to include additional States and pooled analyses; Data is limited for a number of cancer sites and states beyond California Conduct additional studies focused on nSES, cancer screening, and diagnosis Evaluate the impact of nSES within a single cancer site across the continuum (diagnosis, stage, treatment [type and time to treatment], survival) Implement multilevel studies across the cancer continuum that evaluate nSES in the context of: Clinical data from electronic medical records or health studies Nativity/ethnic enclaves/segregation Urban/rural designations Race/ethnic groups and subgroups Methods recommendations: Explore alternative geographic boundaries using daily activity data Incorporate information about residential history to allow for investigations of the impact of nSES over the lifespan Report nSES associations by race/ethnic group and subgroup