Table 1. Basic characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes according to SGLT2i prescription.
#p-value is based on Pearson's chi-squared test.
*p-value is based on Fisher's exact test.
Data are presented as the number (percentage) of individuals.
T2DM = Type two diabetes mellitus; eGFR = Estimated glomerular filtration rate; DKD = Diabetic kidney disease; DLP = Dyslipidemia; HTN = Hypertension; SGLT2 = sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; CI = Confidence interval.
| Characteristics | Total | Prescription of SGLT2i | p-value# | ||
| No | Yes | ||||
| N% | N% | N% | |||
| Gender | Male | 175 (47.3) | 127 (72.6) | 48 (27.4) | 0.001 |
| Female | 195 (52.7) | 110 (56.4) | 85 (43.6) | ||
| Age groups | 18-40 years | 40 (10.8) | 28 (70.0) | 12 (30.0) | 0.002 |
| 41-60 years | 175 (47.3) | 96 (54.9) | 79 (45.1) | ||
| >60 years | 155 (41.9) | 113 (72.9) | 42 (27.1) | ||
| Nationality | Saudi | 346 (93.5) | 220 (63.6) | 126 (36.4) | 0.474 |
| Non-Saudi | 24 (6.5) | 17 (70.8) | 7 (29.2) | ||
| Duration of T2DM | <5 years | 16 (4.3) | 12 (75.0) | 4 (25.0) | 0.165 |
| 5-10 years | 196 (53.0) | 132 (67.3) | 64 (32.7) | ||
| >10 years | 158 (42.7) | 93 (58.9) | 65 (41.1) | ||
| Presence of DKD | No | 345 (93.2) | 216 (62.6) | 129 (37.4) | 0.031 |
| Yes | 25 (6.8) | 21 (84.0) | 4 (16.0) | ||
| Physician specialty | Internal medicine | 25 (6.8) | 8 (32.0) | 17 (68.0) | <0.001 |
| Endocrinologist | 89 (24.1) | 45 (50.6) | 44 (49.4) | ||
| Family physician | 230 (62.2) | 159 (69.1) | 71 (30.9) | ||
| GP | 26 (7.0) | 25 (96.2) | 1 (3.8) | ||
| Visits to diabetic center | 1-2 | 61 (16.5%) | 48 (78.7) | 13 (21.3) | <0.001 |
| 3-4 | 189 (51.2) | 148 (78.3) | 41 (21.7) | ||
| 4 and more | 119 (32.2) | 40 (33.6) | 79 (66.4) | ||
| eGFR | eGFR > 60 | 345 (93.2) | 216 (62.6) | 129 (37.4) | 0.076* |
| eGFR = 30-60 | 21 (5.7) | 17 (81.0) | 4 (19.0) | ||
| eGFR < 30 | 4 (1.1) | 4 (100.0) | 0 (.0) | ||
| Comorbidities | DLP | 6 (1.6) | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 0.152* |
| DM neuropathy | 20 (5.4) | 11 (55.0) | 9 (45.0) | ||
| DM retinopathy | 35 (9.5) | 17 (48.6) | 18 (51.4) | ||
| HTN | 192 (51.9) | 123 (64.1) | 69 (35.9) | ||
| IHD | 15 (4.1) | 11 (73.3) | 4 (26.7) | ||
| Morbid obesity | 25 (6.8) | 14 (56.0) | 11 (44.0) | ||
| Other | 9 (2.4) | 6 (66.7) | 3 (33.3) | ||
| None | 68 (18.4) | 52 (76.5) | 16 (23.5) | ||
| Overall incidence of use | 370 (100) | 237 (64.1) | 133 (35.9), 95% CI: 31.2-41.0 | ||