Table 1. Baseline characteristics of 150 women living with HIV, by anal HPV 16 status.
| Participant characteristic | n (column %) | P-value for difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 150) | |||
| Anal HPV 16 Positive at baseline (n = 23) | Anal HPV 16 Negative at baseline (n = 127) | ||
| Age group (Years) | |||
| 19–39 | 6 (26.1) | 33 (26.0) | 1.00 |
| 40–49 | 10 (43.5) | 55 (43.3) | |
| 50–69 | 7 (30.4) | 39 (30.7) | |
| Place of birth | |||
| Canada | 11 (47.8) | 24 (18.9) | 0.02 |
| Africa | 8 (34.8) | 58 (45.7) | |
| Caribbean | 3 (13.0) | 40 (31.5) | |
| Other | 1 (4.4) | 5 (3.9) | |
| Education completed | |||
| High school or less | 19 (82.6) | 78 (61.4) | 0.05 |
| College or university | 4 (17.4) | 49 (38.6) | |
| Smoking | |||
| Never | 10 (43.5) | 92 (72.4) | <0.01 |
| Past | 4 (17.4) | 18 (14.2) | |
| Current | 9 (39.1) | 17 (13.4) | |
| Injection drug use | |||
| Never | 15 (65.2) | 120 (94.5) | <0.01 |
| Past | 8 (34.8) | 5 (3.9) | |
| Current | 0 (0) | 2 (1.6) | |
| Lifetime number of vaginal sex partners | |||
| 5 or less | 11 (47.8) | 83 (65.4) | 0.11 |
| More than 5 | 12 (52.2) | 44 (34.7) | |
| Ever having anal sex | |||
| No | 16 (69.6) | 94 (74.0) | 0.07 |
| Yes | 7 (30.4) | 33 (26.0) | |
| Lifetime number of anal sex partners | |||
| 0 or 1 | 16 (69.6) | 117 (92.1) | <0.01 |
| 2 or more | 7 (30.4) | 10 (7.9) | |
| Past sexual abuse/assault | |||
| No | 8 (34.8) | 70 (55.1) | 0.20 |
| Yes | 15 (65.2) | 53 (41.7) | |
| Don’t know /Prefer not to answer | 0 (0) | 4 (3.2) | |
| Gonorrhoea (self-report) | |||
| Lifetime | 3 (13.0) | 9 (7.1) | 0.33 |
| Diagnosis in past 6 mths | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n/a |
| Chlamydia ever (self-report) | |||
| Lifetime | 3 (13.0) | 9 (7.1) | 0.33 |
| Diagnosis in past 6 mths | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n/a |
| Anogenital herpes ever (self-report) | |||
| Lifetime | 9 (39.1) | 14 (11.0) | <0.01 |
| Diagnosis in past 6 mths | 5 (21.7) | 6 (4.7) | 0.01 |
| HPV Vaccination (chart review) | |||
| No | 23 (100.0) | 121 (95.3) | 0.29 |
| Yes (at least one dose) | 0 (0) | 6 (4.7) | |
| Hepatitis C infection, current or previous (anti-HCV positive, from chart review) | 11 (47.9) | 11 (8.7) | <0.01 |
| CD4 cell count at baseline (chart review) | |||
| >200 (cells/μL of blood) | 19 (82.6) | 122 (96.1) | 0.01 |
| ≤200 (cells/μL of blood) | 4 (17.4) | 5 (3.9) | |
| Nadir CD4 cell count (chart review) | |||
| >200 (cells/μL of blood) | 5 (21.7) | 77 (60.6), | <0.01 |
| ≤200 (cells/μL of blood) | 18 (78.3) | 50 (39.4) | |
| HIV viral load (RNA copies/mL of plasma) | |||
| Undetectable (<40) | 15 (65.2) | 101 (79.5) | 0.07 |
| Prevalent Cervical HPV | |||
| Any HPV | 20 (87.0) | 55 (43.3) | <0.01 |
| High-risk HPV | 14 (60.9) | 29 (22.8) | <0.01 |
| HPV 16 | 4 (17.4) | 1 (0.8) | <0.01 |
Note. HPV, human papillomavirus; High-risk HPV types include 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68 [22].