Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients.
| Characteristics1 | Overall data (%)2 | NMC | p-value | Crude OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (%) | Yes (%) | ||||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Mean age ± SD (years) (n = 278) | 42.2 ± 12.1 | 42.8 ± 12.0 | 40.2 ± 12.4 | 0.1 | |
| Female sex (n = 278) | 177 (63.67) | 136 (64.2) | 42 (62.1) | 0.7 | |
| Marital status (n = 278) | 0.6 | ||||
| Single | 89 (32.01) | 71 (33.5) | 18 (27.3) | ||
| Married/cohabitating | 137 (49.28) | 102 (48.1) | 35 (53.0) | ||
| Divorced/widower | 52 (18.7) | 39 (18.4) | 13 (19.7) | ||
| Education level attained (n = 278) | 0.6 | ||||
| None/primary | 69 (24.82) | 52 (24.5) | 17 (25.8) | ||
| Secondary | 155 (55.76) | 121 (57.1) | 34 (51.5) | ||
| Higher education/university | 54 (19.42) | 39 (18.4) | 15 (22.7) | ||
| Clinical characteristics | |||||
| HIV clinical stage (n = 242) | 0.0008 | ||||
| Stage I | 1 (0.41) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Stage II | 2 (0.83) | 2 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Stage III | 51 (21.07) | 48 (22.6) | 3 (4.5) | ||
| Stage IV | 224 (92.6) | 161 (75.9) | 63 (95.5) | ||
| Headaches (n = 269) | 174 (64.68) | 120 (58.8) | 54 (84.4) | 0.0001 | 3.8 (1.7–8.8) |
| Fever (°C) (n = 269) | 179 (66.54) | 141 (68.8) | 38 (59.4) | 0.1 | |
| Weight loss (n = 269) | 144 (53.53) | 107 (52.2) | 37 (57.8) | 0.4 | |
| Consciousness disorder (n = 269) | 100 (37.17) | 82 (40.0) | 18 (28.1) | 0.08 | |
| Memory impairment (n = 268) | 74 (27.61) | 59 (28.9) | 15 (23.4) | 0.3 | |
| Neck stiffness (n = 269) | 49 (18.22) | 33 (15.6) | 16 (24.2) | 0.1 | |
| Vomiting (n = 269) | 54 (20.07) | 42 (20.5) | 12 (18.8) | 0.7 | |
| Convulsions (n = 269) | 23 (8.6) | 13 (6.3) | 10 (15.6) | 0.02 | 2.7 (1.01–7.1) |
| Vertigo (n = 269) | 32 (11.9) | 23 (11.2) | 9 (14.1) | 0.5 | |
| Brudzinski sign (n = 269) | 15 (5.58) | 8 (3.8) | 7 (10.6) | 0.05 | |
| Physical asthenia (n = 269) | 30 (11.1) | 23 (11.2) | 7 (10.9) | 0.9 | |
| Kernig sign (n = 269) | 14 (5.2) | 9 (4.2) | 5 (7.6) | 0.3 | |
| Visual disturbances (n = 269) | 8 (2.97) | 3 (1.5) | 5 (7.8) | 0.02 | 5.6 (1.04–37.5) |
| Functional Impairment (n = 269) | 17 (6.32) | 12 (5.9) | 5 (7.8) | 0.5 | |
| Clear CSF appearance (n = 265) | 249 (93.9) | 200 (94.3) | 62 (93.9) | 1 | |
| Raised CSF opening pressure (cm H2O) (n = 92) |
65 (70.6) | 7 (10.6) | 17 (65.4) | <0.0001 | |
| Antiretroviral therapy (ART) (n = 278) | 204 (73.4) | 153 (72.2) | 51 (77.3) | 0.4 | |
| Poor outcome3 (n = 217) | 78 (35.9) | 57 (35.4) | 21 (37.5) | 0.7 | |
1according to available data.
2column per cent calculated for each group.
3Death, status quo, discharge against medical advice, or transfer due to complications.