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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: Child Abuse Negl. 2021 Jul 15;120:105189. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105189

Table 4.

Differences in psychopathology symptoms between classes.

Major Depressive Generalized Anxiety Post-Traumatic Stress Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Antisocial Personality Disorder
IRR 95%CI IRR 95%CI IRR 95%CI IRR 95%CI IRR 95%CI

Poverty 0.94 [0.80, 1.11] 0.97 [0.80, 1.17] 1.25 [0.77, 2.01] 0.78* [0.63, 0.97] 0.81 [0.63, 1.04]
Female 1.12 [0.98, 1.29] 1.15 [0.99, 1.34] 1.33 [0.92, 1.93] 0.90 [0.76, 1.06] 0.62* [0.51, 0.75]
Race/Ethnicity
Black1 0.96 [0.82, 1.14] 1.06 [0.88, 1.29] 1.20 [0.79, 1.83] 1.03 [0.83, 1.28] 0.97 [0.76, 1.23]
Latinx1 0.67* [0.49, 0.91] 0.85 [0.60, 1.22] 0.67 [0.24, 1.84] 0.82 [0.55, 1.23] 1.12 [0.73, 1.72]
Other1 0.87 [0.70, 1.08] 0.90 [0.69, 1.19] 0.51 [0.26, 1.01] 1.03 [0.77, 1.38] 1.08 [0.77, 1.52]
Classes
Neglect2 1.16 [0.94, 1.43] 1.24 [0.99, 1.55] 0.93 [0.54, 1.59] 1.25 [0.98, 1.61] 0.94 [0.68, 1.29]
Abuse2 1.65* [1.35, 2.01] 1.45* [1.13, 1.85] 1.60 [0.95, 2.71] 1.40* [1.09, 1.80] 1.47* [1.06, 2.04]
Multi-type CAN2 1.36* [1.14, 1.62] 1.26* [1.04, 1.52] 1.60* [1.06, 2.42] 1.21 [0.98, 1.49] 1.38* [1.09, 1.75]
Abuse3 1.41* [1.13, 1.78] 1.17 [0.89, 1.54] 1.72 [0.92, 3.22] 1.12 [0.84, 1.49] 1.57* [1.07, 2.30]
Multi-type CAN3 1.17 [0.96, 1.43] 1.02 [0.81, 1.27] 1.72* [1.01, 2.93] 0.96 [0.75, 1.23] 1.48* [1.09, 2.00]
Multi-type CAN4 0.83 [0.68, 1.00] 0.87 [0.68, 1.11] 1.00 [0.60, 1.67] 0.86 [0.67, 1.11] 0.94 [0.69, 1.29]

Note: CI = confidence interval; IRR = Incident Rate Ratio

*

p < .05

1

White reference group

2

Low-Risk reference group

3

Neglect reference group

4

Abuse reference group