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. 2022 May 19;29(46):70285–70304. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20713-0

Table 9.

Comparing the main model with the fix-and-opt algorithm

Problem Main model (A) Fix and opt. Upper bound (B) Gap1% Gap2% Gap3%
Cost (TDollar) Energy (MW) Time (second) Cost (TDollar) Energy (MW) Time (second)
P1 61,369.6 37.1553 1.813 62,379.371 25.552 1.26 1.65%  − 31.23%  − 30.50%
P2 63,735.2 68.194 11.866 68,429.45 53.964 3.963 7.37%  − 20.87%  − 66.60%
P3 68,872.3 146.085 30.37 75,416.461 142.684 8.167 9.50%  − 2.33%  − 73.11%
P4 63,577.8 194.781 141.752 67,567.129 188.597 8.792 6.27%  − 3.17%  − 93.80%
P5 66,152.4 264.549 488.459 70,046.681 269.233 19.792 5.89% 1.77%  − 95.95%
P6 63,755 225.192 331.039 69,033.324 202.309 88.976 8.28%  − 10.16%  − 73.12%
P7 60,187.3 263.24 1999.56 62,457.67 284.295 160.723 3.77% 8.00%  − 91.96%
Average 6.10%  − 8.28%  − 75.01%