Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by T2DM subgroup for whole East London population and separately by ethnic group
| Characteristic | Overall | South Asian | White | Black | Data complete,a % | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Overall | MARD | MOD | SHD | All South | MARD | MOD | SHD | All white | MARD | MOD | SHD | All black | MARD | MOD | SHD | ||
| Asian | |||||||||||||||||
| n | 31 931 | 26 294 | 3059 | 2578 | 14 884 | 12 538 | 1261 | 1085 | 8154 | 3075 | 4379 | 700 | 6423 | 4895 | 858 | 670 | |
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| Latent-class predictors | |||||||||||||||||
| Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD) | 53.1 (13.8) | 53.9 (13.9) | 50.6 (12.8) | 47.7 (12.1) | 49.2 (13.1) | 50.1 (13.1) | 44.9 (12.4) | 44.1 (11.2) | 58.8 (13.5) | 71.7 (8.2) | 50.7 (9.1) | 53 (11.7) | 54.4 (13.0) | 56 (12.8) | 50.7 (11.8) | 46.9 (12.3) | 100 |
| Male, % | 17 271 (54.1) | 14 793 (56.3) | 698 (22.8) | 1780 (69.0) | 8136 (54.7) | 7095 (56.6) | 247 (19.6) | 794 (73.2) | 4674 (57.3) | 1581 (51.4) | 2624 (59.9) | 469 (67.0) | 3163 (49.2) | 2649 (54.1) | 64 (7.5) | 450 (67.2) | 100 |
| HbA1c at diagnosis, %, mean (SD) | 7.8 (2) | 7.2 (0.9) | 7.3 (1.1) | 12.1 (1.6) | 7.8 (1.8) | 7.2 (0.9) | 7.3 (1.1) | 11.8 (1.5) | 7.8 (2.0) | 6.9 (0.7) | 7.3 (1.0) | 11.9 (1.5) | 8.0 (2.3) | 7.2 (0.9) | 7.3 (1.1) | 12.8 (1.8) | 60.3 |
| HbA1c at diagnosis, mmol/mol, mean (SD) | 62.2 (21.7) | 54.8 (10.1) | 56.6 (12.1) | 108.7 (17.8) | 61.2 (19.8) | 55.0 (9.9) | 56.3 (11.8) | 105.3 (16.8) | 62.0 (21.6) | 51.8 (8.2) | 56.1 (10.7) | 106.2 (16.8) | 64.2 (25.3) | 54.7 (10.4) | 56.3 (11.9) | 115.9 (19.9) | 60.3 |
| BMI at diagnosis, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 30.4 (5.7) | 28.9 (4.2) | 41.3 (3.4) | 30.2 (5.6) | 28.7 (4.8) | 27.6 (3.5) | 38.5 (3.5) | 28.1 (4.5) | 32.5 (6.1) | 29.5 (4.7) | 34.6 (6.1) | 32.7 (6.4) | 31.7 (5.7) | 30.0 (4.1) | 41.1 (3.6) | 30.9 (5.7) | 89.1 |
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| Deprivation score, % | |||||||||||||||||
| Deprivation Q1 (least deprived) | 6399 (20.1) | 5341 (20.4) | 528 (17.3) | 530 (20.7) | 3728 (25.1) | 3062 (24.5) | 365 (29.0) | 301 (27.8) | 1320 (16.3) | 504 (16.5) | 692 (15.9) | 124 (17.8) | 904 (14.1) | 702 (14.4) | 114 (13.4) | 88 (13.2) | 100 |
| Q2 | 6363 (20.0) | 5206 (19.9) | 608 (20.0) | 549 (21.4) | 3035 (20.4) | 2539 (20.3) | 251 (19.9) | 245 (22.6) | 1534 (18.9) | 549 (17.9) | 840 (19.3) | 145 (20.8) | 1286 (20.1) | 997 (20.4) | 160 (18.8) | 129 (19.4) | 100 |
| Q3 | 6334 (19.9) | 5261 (20.1) | 627 (20.6) | 446 (17.4) | 2668 (18.0) | 2278 (18.2) | 230 (18.3) | 160 (14.8) | 1850 (22.8) | 754 (24.6) | 964 (22.1) | 132 (18.9) | 1324 (20.7) | 1013 (20.8) | 178 (20.9) | 133 (20.0) | 100 |
| Q4 | 6482 (20.4) | 5261 (20.1) | 676 (22.2) | 545 (21.3) | 2849 (19.2) | 2423 (19.4) | 224 (17.8) | 202 (18.7) | 1711 (21.1) | 620 (20.2) | 924 (21.2) | 167 (23.9) | 1436 (22.4) | 1074 (22.0) | 199 (23.3) | 163 (24.5) | 100 |
| Q5 (most deprived) | 6230 (19.6) | 5129 (19.6) | 607 (19.9) | 494 (19.3) | 2562 (17.3) | 2199 (17.6) | 189 (15.0) | 174 (16.1) | 1705 (21.0) | 636 (20.8) | 939 (21.5) | 130 (18.6) | 1448 (22.6) | 1093 (22.4) | 202 (23.7) | 153 (23.0) | 100 |
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| Comorbid conditions at diagnosis, % | |||||||||||||||||
| Any macrovascular | 3118 (9.8) | 2730 (10.4) | 242 (7.9) | 146 (5.7) | 1210 (8.1) | 1096 (8.7) | 67 (5.3) | 47 (4.3) | 1260 (15.5) | 773 (25.1) | 418 (9.5) | 69 (9.9) | 420 (6.5) | 346 (7.1) | 51 (5.9) | 23 (3.4) | 100 |
| Any microvascular | 1573 (4.9) | 1372 (5.2) | 154 (5.0) | 47 (1.8) | 500 (3.4) | 457 (3.6) | 34 (2.7) | 9 (0.8) | 606 (7.4) | 478 (15.5) | 106 (2.4) | 22 (3.1) | 375 (5.8) | 314 (6.4) | 44 (5.1) | 17 (2.5) | 100 |
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| Clinical characteristics at diagnosis, mean (SD) | |||||||||||||||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 134.7 (18.3) | 134.5 (18.4) | 136.6 (18.0) | 134.7 (18.3) | 131.2 (17.5) | 131.1 (17.6) | 131.9 (16.3) | 131.1 (17.4) | 137.6 (18.0) | 138.2 (17.8) | 137.0 (18.1) | 137.8 (17.7) | 138.5 (19.1) | 138.8 (19.2) | 137.9 (18.4) | 137.2 (19.7) | 86.3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 81.5 (12.6) | 81.0 (12.8) | 83.7 (11.4) | 83.0 (11.4) | 80.5 (13.6) | 80.2 (14.0) | 82.9 (11.2) | 81.8 (10.7) | 81.8 (11.5) | 78.0 (10.8) | 84.4 (11.2) | 84.1 (11.5) | 82.9 (11.7) | 82.5 (11.7) | 84.5 (11.9) | 83.9 (11.9) | 86.3 |
| Total cholesterol, % | 5.2 (2.7) | 5.1 (2.6) | 5.2 (1.1) | 5.7 (4.7) | 5.2 (3.2) | 5.1 (3.5) | 5.0 (1.0) | 5.6 (1.4) | 5.2 (2.9) | 4.8 (1.2) | 5.4 (1.4) | 6.0 (8.6) | 5.2 (1.2) | 5.2 (1.2) | 5.2 (1.1) | 5.6 (1.5) | 83.8 |
| eGFR, ml/min | 80.6 (16.5) | 80.3 (16.6) | 80.9 (16.9) | 82.9 (15.1) | 84.3 (15.5) | 83.7 (15.5) | 87.6 (16.3) | 87.7 (12.8) | 77.5 (17.5) | 69.9 (17.3) | 83.2 (15.5) | 81.1 (16.0) | 74.5 (15.5) | 74.0 (15.6) | 76.0 (14.7) | 76.7 (15.3) | 72.1 |
a
Percentage of the data for the entire population that are complete. eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate. HbA1c = glycated haemoglobin. MARD = mild age-related diabetes. MOD = mild obesity-related diabetes. Q = quintiles. SD = standard deviation. SHD = severe hyperglycaemic diabetes.