Table 2.
Regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals) for age- and sex-adjusted BMI (z-score), HOMA-IR, and their interaction when regressed on the indicated outcome from N = 41 participants.
| Outcome | BMIz | HOMA-IR | BMIz × HOMA-IR | rMSE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart rate (bpm) | −3.62 (−9.41, 2.17) | −0.74 (−13.50, 12.01) | 1.51 (−3.33, 6.34) | 10.05 |
| Diastolic blood pressure z-scorea | 0.17 (−0.23, 0.58) | 0.28 (−0.58, 1.13) | −0.05 (−0.38, 0.27) | 0.78 |
| Systolic blood pressure z-scorea | 0.41 (−0.01, 0.82) | 0.57 (−0.30, 1.43) | −0.17 (−0.50, 0.16) | 0.79 |
| Low density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 0.05 (−0.37, 0.47) | −0.05 (−0.98, 0.87) | 0.06 (−0.29, 0.41) | 0.73 |
| High density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | −0.04 (−0.20, 0.11) | −0.05 (−0.39, 0.29) | 0.00 (−0.13, 0.13) | 0.27 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)a | 0.21 (−0.01, 0.42) | 0.04 (−0.43, 0.52) | −0.01 (−0.19, 0.17) | 0.37 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | −0.08 (−0.53, 0.38) | −0.26 (−1.26, 0.75) | 0.12 (−0.26, 0.51) | 0.79 |
| Glycerol (µmol/L) | −3.87 (−23.06, 15.32) | −32.80 (−75.06, 9.47) | 12.62 (−3.39, 28.64) | 33.29 |
| Lactate (mmol/L)a | 0.10 (−0.19, 0.39) | 0.42 (−0.22, 1.06) | −0.10 (−0.34, 0.14) | 0.50 |
| NEFA (mmol/L) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | −0.04 (−0.10, 0.02) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.04 |
All regression models also included age, sex, and an indicator of white/non-Hispanic race. The root mean square error (rMSE) is the estimated standard deviation of the outcome after controlling for the aforementioned factors.
NEFA non-esterified fatty acids.
aWhen including the extreme participant, for a total of N = 42, the following regression coefficients were significantly different from 0: HOMA-IR for diastolic blood pressure z-score; BMIz and HOMA-IR for systolic blood pressure z-score; BMIz for triglycerides; and HOMA-IR for lactate. Directions of these coefficients were in the same direction as in this table. Magnitudes of these coefficients when including the extreme participant were between 77 and 105% of the corresponding coefficients when excluding the extreme participant for all except the HOMA-IR coefficient for diastolic blood pressure z-score, which was 150%.