Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of the studies and control groups.
| Group | p-Value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | HS | IS | ANOVA | HS vs. C | IS vs. C | IS vs. HS | ||
| n = 30 | n = 15 | n = 15 | ||||||
| Sex | Male n (%) |
15 (50) | 7 (46.66) | 7 (46.66) | ND | |||
| Female n (%) |
15 (50) | 8 (53.33) | 8 (53.33) | |||||
| Age * | 63.07 ± 10.74 [59.06 - 67.08] |
64.53 ± 8.123 [60.04 - 69.03] |
61.6 ± 12.97 [54.42 - 68.78] |
0.7586 | 0.9032 | 0.9032 | 0.7377 | |
| Education | Primary n (%) |
2 (6.66) | 1 (6.66) | 1 (6.66) | > 0.9999 | |||
| Vocational n (%) |
15 (50) | 7 (46.66) | 6 (40) | |||||
| Secondary n (%) |
9 (30) | 6 (40) | 6 (40) | |||||
| University n (%) |
4 (13.33) | 1 (6.66) | 2 (13.33) | |||||
| Place of residence | Urban center n (%) * |
10 (33.33) | 6 (40) | 7 (46.66) | > 0.9999 | |||
| Small town n (%) * |
8 (26.66) | 4 (26.66) | 3 (20) | |||||
| Rural area or small village n (%) * |
12 (40) | 6 (40) | 6 (40) | |||||
| Cognitive and physical functional status | ||||||||
| ACE III * | 97.47 ± 1.48 [96.91 - 98.02] |
69.47 ± 25.04 [55.6 - 83.33] |
61.47 ± 22.33 [49.1 - 73.84] |
< 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.3929 | |
| BI* | 20 ± 0 [20 - 20] |
10.73 ± 4.166 [8.426 - 13.04] |
10.47 ± 3.62 [8.46 - 12.47] |
< 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.9615 | |
| FIM* | 125.2 ± 0.68 [125 - 125.5] |
81.8 ± 34.16 [62.88 - 100.7] |
83.47 ± 33.48 [64.93 - 102] |
< 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.9798 | |
| BBS* | 55.53 ± 0.51 [55.34 - 55.72] |
31.53 ± 18.91 [21.06 - 42.01] |
28.47 ± 17.6 [18.72 - 38.21] |
< 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.7899 | |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Diabetes n (%) | 13 (43.33) | 7 (46.66) | 6 (40) | > 0.9999 | ||||
| Hypertension n (%) | 16 (53.33) | 8 (53.33) | 8 (53.33) | > 0.9999 | ||||
| Arteriosclerosis n (%) | 13 (43.33) | 7 (46.66) | 7 (46.66) | > 0.9999 | ||||
| Limb thrombosis n (%) | 4 (13.33) | 2 (13.33) | 2 (13.33) | > 0.9999 | ||||
| Atrial fibrillation n (%) | 5 (16.66) | 2 (13.33) | 3 (20) | > 0.9999 | ||||
| Drugs | ||||||||
| < 5 drugs/day n (%) | 16 (53.33) | 7 (46.66) | 6 (40) | > 0.9999 | ||||
| ≥ 5 drugs/day n (%) | 14 (46.66) | 8 (53.33) | 9 (60) | |||||
Results were analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test; ACE III, Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III; BBS, the Berg Balance Scale; BI, Barthel Index; C, Control group (n = 30); FIM, functional independence measure; HS, hemorrhagic stroke group (n = 15); IS, ischemic stroke group (n = 15); n, number of patients; ND, no data.
*Expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) [95% confidence interval (95% CI)].