G-Rh2 induces G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CRC cells. (A) and (B) Cell cycle distribution in HCT15, HCT116, and DLD1 cells treated with 0, 20, and 40 μM of G-Rh2 for 48 h were detected by flow cytometry. (C) and (D) Annexin V/PI staining (indicating apoptosis) in HCT15, HCT116, and DLD1 cells treated with 0, 20, and 40 μM of G-Rh2 for 48 h were detected by flow cytometry. (E) Expression of G0/G1 phase cell cycle marker proteins were detected by western blotting. (F) Expression of p53, p-p53, cleaved caspase3, cleaved PARP, and survivin in CRC cells following G-Rh2 treatment (48 h) were detected by western blotting. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus control.