Figure 1.

Reaction scheme and cryo-EM structures of TF₁. (A) Reaction scheme of TF₁. Three circles represent catalytic states of the β subunit, and the arrow at the center indicates the orientation of the γ subunit. Blue and pink arrows indicate a binding dwell state and a catalytic dwell state, respectively. (B) The cryo-EM structures of TF₁ obtained at 10°C (highlighted in blue) or at 28°C (highlighted in red). The 10°C and 28°C structures represent the binding dwell state paused by temperature-sensitive reaction and the catalytic dwell state paused by hydrolysis reaction, respectively. The α, β, and γ subunits are represented in red, yellow, and cyan, respectively.