Table 2.

Immunophenotypic marker expression and minimal residual disease. Markers were tested in univariate and multiple regression analysis with log‐transformed end of induction (day 29) minimal residual disease level as outcome. Markers were analyzed as categorical variables based on marker expression levels, using a combined score with four levels (negative/PD/PN/PB), where cases with bimodal and unimodal expression were pooled according to the score of the dominant subpopulation in cases with bimodal expression and the score of the whole population in cases with unimodal expression. The effects are estimates of the ratio between the MRD levels for the given marker expression level compared with the reference group. CD34 reference group: CD34 negative. CD38 reference group: CD38PN. nTdT reference group: nTdTPN. Age was treated as a quantitative variable, where the effect on MRD corresponds to a 10‐year increase in age. PB, positive bright; PD, positive dim; PN, positive normal; WBC, white blood cell count (peripheral blood).

Marker	Univariate	Multiple	Effect
CD34	< 0.0001	0.0007	6.47 (CI 2.56–16.32) for CD34PN
CD38	0.0022	0.0297	2.57 (CI 1.21–5.46) for CD38PD
CD10	0.0903
CD20	0.89
CD19	0.94
CD45	0.29
CD22	0.52
nTdT	0.0771	0.0085	4.58 (CI 1.43–14.67) for nTdTPD
CyCD22	0.88
CyCD79alfa	0.27
CD133	0.0677
CD13	0.60
CD66c	0.0252
CD33	0.48
CD15	0.41
Age	0.0292	0.0607	1.28 (CI 0.99–1.66)
WBC at diagnosis	0.78
Cytogenetic group	0.0038