Table 2. Personal Experience of Mistreatment and Bias by Patients, Families, or Visitors Once a Year or More Often by Physician Gender and Race/Ethnicity.
| Experience | Respondents, No. (%) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | |||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic | Hispanic or Latino (n = 212) | Non-Hispanic | Hispanic or Latino (n = 157) | |||||||||
| White (n = 2307) | Black or AA (n = 70) | AAPI (n = 354) | Indigenous or other (n = 113) | ≥2 Races (n = 44) | White (n = 1315) | Black or AA (n = 111) | AAPI (n = 327) | Indigenous or other (n = 69) | ≥2 Races (n = 56) | |||
| Been subjected to | ||||||||||||
| Offensive racially or ethnically remarks | 476 (20.7) | 40 (57.1) | 182 (51.7) | 51 (45.1) | 18 (41.9) | 69 (32.5) | 321 (24.4) | 61 (55.0) | 192 (59.3) | 44 (63.8) | 28 (50.0) | 73 (46.5) |
| Offensive sexist remarks | 361 (15.7) | 7 (10.1) | 53 (15.1) | 15 (13.3) | 11 (25.0) | 30 (14.2) | 716 (54.6) | 49 (44.5) | 155 (47.7) | 39 (56.5) | 30 (53.6) | 78 (49.7) |
| Unwanted sexual advances | 363 (15.8) | 16 (22.9) | 39 (11.1) | 21 (18.6) | 12 (27.3) | 42 (19.8) | 422 (32.1) | 38 (34.5) | 87 (26.7) | 21 (30.4) | 22 (39.3) | 40 (25.5) |
| Offensive remarks related to sexual orientation | 197 (8.6) | 4 (5.7) | 22 (6.3) | 9 (8.0) | 9 (20.9) | 20 (9.4) | 173 (13.2) | 11 (9.9) | 38 (11.7) | 16 (23.2) | 9 (16.4) | 25 (15.9) |
| Had a patient or his/her family refuse to allow them to provide care because of the physician’s personal attributes | 337 (14.7) | 31 (44.3) | 114 (32.4) | 28 (24.8) | 16 (37.2) | 47 (22.2) | 312 (23.8) | 42 (37.8) | 117 (36.1) | 30 (43.5) | 18 (32.1) | 55 (35.0) |
| Been physically harmed (eg, hit, slapped, kicked) | 348 (15.1) | 6 (8.6) | 29 (8.2) | 18 (15.9) | 14 (31.8) | 26 (12.3) | 247 (18.8) | 12 (10.9) | 55 (16.8) | 11 (15.9) | 8 (14.3) | 23 (14.6) |
Abbreviations: AA, African American; AAPI, Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander.