Blocking SMYD2 with AZ505 inhibits TGF-β1-induced activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts. Starved NRK-49F cells were cultured in the DMEM with TGFβ1 (2 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of AZ505 at the doses as indicated for 36 hours (A-D) or Serum–starved NRK-49F cells were transfected with siRNA targeting SMYD2 or scrambled siRNA and then, incubated in 2 ng/mL TGFβ1 for an additional 24 hours (E-H). Cell lysates were prepared for immunoblot analysis with antibodies against fibronectin, collagen 1, α-SMA, SMYD2, H3K36me3, Histone H3, or GAPDH (A, B, E, F). The levels of fibronectin, collagen I and α-SMA (C, G), as well as SMYD2 (D, H) were quantified by densitometry and normalized with GAPDH. H3K36me3 levels were normalized with Histone H3 (D, H). Values are the means ± SDs of at least three independent experiments. Bars with different letters (a-c) for each molecule are significantly different from one another (P < .05)