Table 1.
Participant demographic characteristics
| Demographic data | ASD Mean (SD) | Range | TD Mean (SD) | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agea (years) | 8.71 (1.69) | 5–12 | 8.74 (2.42) | 5–11 |
| CARS, raw score | 27.62 (3.97) | 20.5–34.5 | 15.30 (0.48) | 15–16 |
| SRS-2, T-score | 74.92 (10.28) | 61–90 | 45.75 (5.48) | 36–55 |
| ADOSb, symptom severity | 8.03 (1.49) | 7–12 | n/a | n/a |
| TONI3c, standard score | 105.17 (13.12) | 78–125 | 109.38 (14.98) | 78–137 |
| Vineland-3 Communication | 78.80 (8.74) | 61–91 | 101.00 (14.94) | 74–117 |
| Vineland-3 Socialization | 70.70 (5.08) | 44–96 | 100.55 (13.28) | 78–120 |
| Vineland- Daily living skills | 76.70 (12.00) | 48–96 | 98.09 (16.10) | 74–127 |
Note: ASD = Autism spectrum disorders; TD = typical development; SD = standard deviation; CARS = Childhood Autism Rating Scale; SRS = Social Responsiveness Scale; ADOS = Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale, 2nd edition; TONI3 = Test of Non-verbal Intelligence, 3rd edition; n/a = not applicable.
a
N = 12 for each group;
b
N = 12 for ASD group only;
c
N = 12 for ASD group, N = 8 for TD group.