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. 2022 Mar 29;1(2):pgac029. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac029

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the National Academy of Sciences.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 3. — Effect-sizes for associations of life course social mobility with 3 blood-chemistry and 3 DNAm measures of biological aging. The histogram at the top of the figure shows the distribution of social mobility in percentile rank terms in the full HRS VBS (n = 9,255; red bars) and the DNAm subsample (n = 3,976; blue bars). The line plot at the bottom of the figure shows the association of social mobility with 6 measures of biological aging. Blood-chemistry-based measures are plotted in red shades. DNAm measures are plotted in blue shades. The figure shows that, across methods, upward social mobility was associated with less-advanced and slower biological aging.