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. 2022 May 20;22:349. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-03998-w

Table 4.

Association of PD with participants’ clinical characteristics

PD present n = 63 (32%) PD absent n = 134 (68%) OR (95% CI) P value
Underlying CVD diagnosis
 Rheumatic heart disease 22 (22.5) 76 (77.6) 1
 Atrial fibrillation 22 (41.5) 31 (58.5) 2.45 (1.19–5.06) 0.02
 Thrombo-embolism 9 (30.0) 21 (70.0) 1.48 (0.59–3.69) 0.40
Length of time on Warfarin
  ≤ 6 months 17 (43.6) 22 (56.4) 1
 7–24 months 12 (21.1) 45 (78.9) 0.35 (0.14–0.85) 0.02
 25–60 15 (26.8) 41 (73.2) 0.47 (0.20–1.13) 0.09
  > 60 13 (37.1) 22 (62.9) 0.76 (0.30–1.94) 0.57
Other comorbidities
 No comorbidity 44 (27.3) 117 (72.7) 1
 Any comorbidity 19 (52.8) 17 (47.2) 2.97 (1.42–6.23) < 0.01
History of cardiac surgey
 No 40 (29.0) 98 (71.0) 1
 Yes 22 (37.9) 36 (62.1) 1.50 (0.79–2.85) 0.22
Length from time of surgery
  < 1 year 4 (33.3) 8 (66.7) 1
 1 to < 3 years 9 (40.9) 13 (59.1) 1.38 (0.32–6.03) 0.67
 3 to 5 years 4 (40.0) 6 (60.0) 1.33 (0.23–7.63) 0.75
  > 5 years 5 (38.5) 8 (61.5) 1.25 (0.24–6.44) 0.79
Chronic medication beside Warfarin
Loop diuretic
  No 20 (21.7) 72 (78.3) 1
  Yes 43 (41.0) 62 (59.0) 2.50 (1.33–4.69) < 0.01
Penicillin
  No 71 (63.4) 41 (36.6)
  Yes 22 (25.9) 63 (74.1) 0.60 (0.33–1.12) 0.11
Beta blocker
  No 83 (70.3) 35 (29.7) 1
  Yes 28 (35.4) 51 (64.6) 1.30 (0.71–2.39) 0.39
Cardiac glycoside
  No 41 (29.7) 97 (70.3) 1
  Yes 22 (37.3) 37 (62.7) 1.40 (0.74–2.67) 0.30