Table 1.
Characteristics of smokers participating in a hospital-initiated cessation program
| Participants who censored (n = 957) | Participants for analysis (n = 1943) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-month smoking abstinence | ||||
| Success (n = 778) | Failure (n = 1165) | P | ||
| Age (years) | < 0.001 | |||
| < 65 | 789 (82.4) | 556 (71.5) | 981 (84.2) | |
| ≥ 65 | 168 (17.6) | 222 (28.5) | 184 (15.8) | |
| Sex | 0.237 | |||
| Male | 886 (92.6) | 716 (92.0) | 1054 (90.5) | |
| Female | 71 (7.4) | 62 (8.0) | 111 (9.5) | |
| Comorbiditiesa | < 0.001 | |||
| < 2 | 631 (65.9) | 405 (52.1) | 729 (62.6) | |
| ≥ 2 | 326 (34.1) | 373 (47.9) | 436 (37.5) | |
| Daily cigarette smoking | 0.011 | |||
| ≤ 20 | 275 (28.7) | 311 (40.0) | 400 (34.3) | |
| > 20 | 551 (57.6) | 467 (60.0) | 765 (65.7) | |
| Missing | 131 (13.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| FTND | < 0.001 | |||
| < 4 | 90 (9.4) | 109 (14.0) | 82 (7.0) | |
| 4 to 6 | 472 (49.3) | 411 (52.8) | 527 (45.2) | |
| ≥ 7 | 395 (41.3) | 258 (33.2) | 556 (47.7) | |
| Motivation | 0.769 | |||
| Self-motivated | 326 (34.1) | 207 (26.6) | 303 (26.0) | |
| Not self-motivated | 631 (65.9) | 571 (73.4) | 862 (74.0) | |
| Discharge diagnosis | < 0.001 | |||
| Cancer | 195 (20.4) | 157 (20.2) | 158 (13.6) | |
| CAD/HF | 165 (17.2) | 212 (27.3) | 207 (17.8) | |
| COPD/pneumonia | 22 (2.3) | 37 (4.8) | 40 (3.4) | |
| Others | 575 (60.1) | 372 (47.8) | 760 (65.2) | |
| ICU admission | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 213 (22.3) | 251 (32.3) | 156 (13.4) | |
| No | 744 (77.7) | 527 (67.7) | 1009 (86.6) | |
| Hospitalization | < 0.001 | |||
| ≤ 4 days | 456 (47.6) | 336 (43.2) | 637 (54.7) | |
| > 4 days | 501 (52.4) | 442 (56.8) | 528 (45.3) | |
| Cessation medications | 0.175 | |||
| No use | 823 (86.0) | 673 (86.5) | 1020 (87.6) | |
| NRT | 75 (7.8) | 56 (7.2) | 81 (7.0) | |
| Non-NRT | 22 (2.3) | 31 (4.0) | 28 (2.4) | |
| NRT and non-NRT | 37 (3.9) | 18 (2.3) | 36 (3.1) | |
| Number of in-hospital counseling | 0.001 | |||
| 1 | 773 (80.8) | 616 (79.2) | 995 (85.4) | |
| 2 | 113 (11.8) | 104 (13.4) | 117 (10.0) | |
| ≥ 3 | 71 (7.4) | 58 (7.5) | 53 (4.6) | |
CAD coronary artery disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FTND Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence, HF heart failure, ICU intensive care unit, NRT nicotine replacement therapy
aComorbidities include cardiovascular disease, cancer, cerebral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, liver disease, respiratory system disease, and renal disease