Table 5.
Multivariable Cox regression analyses of PCSK9 levels for clinical outcomes
| Events | PCSK9 (ng/mL) | Unadjusted | Multivariate adjusted* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ 43.5 | > 43.5 | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Whole cohort | n = 514 | n = 513 | ||||
| MACEs | 67 (13.0) | 88 (17.2) | 1.420 (1.033–1.953) | 0.031 | 1.361 (0.964–1.923) | 0.080 |
| All-cause death | 26 (5.1) | 36 (7.0) | 1.443 (0.870–2.392) | 0.155 | 1.312 (0.730–2.358) | 0.364 |
| Recurrent myocardial infarction | 18 (3.5) | 23 (4.5) | 1.364 (0.736–2.532) | 0.324 | 1.357 (0.720–2.558) | 0.345 |
| Ischemic stroke | 17 (3.3) | 20 (3.9) | 1.305 (0.683-2.500) | 0.419 | 1.302 (0.668–2.538) | 0.437 |
| Rehospitalization for heart failure | 7 (1.4) | 16 (3.1) | 2.463 (1.011–5.988) | 0.047 | 1.550 (0.597–4.032) | 0.368 |
| DM | n = 136 | n = 141 | ||||
| MACEs | 16 (11.8) | 30 (21.3) | 2.200 (1.195–4.048) | 0.011 | 2.283 (1.094–4.764) | 0.028 |
| All-cause death | 5 (3.7) | 14 (9.9) | 3.021 (1.086–8.403) | 0.034 | 2.646 (0.774–9.091) | 0.121 |
| Recurrent myocardial infarction | 1 (0.7) | 8 (5.7) | 9.174 (1.134–71.429) | 0.038 | - | – |
| Ischemic stroke | 9 (6.6) | 8 (5.7) | 1.017 (0.391–2.646) | 0.972 | 1.004 (0.351–2.873) | 0.993 |
| Rehospitalization for heart failure | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) | 3.802 (0.387–37.037) | 0.252 | – | – |
| Non-DM | n = 378 | n = 372 | ||||
| MACEs | 51 (13.5) | 58 (15.6) | 1.207 (0.828–1.759) | 0.329 | 1.145 (0.764–1.718) | 0.512 |
| All-cause death | 21 (5.6) | 22 (5.9) | 1.091 (0.560–1.984) | 0.776 | 1.125 (0.548–2.257) | 0.769 |
| Recurrent myocardial infarction | 17 (4.5) | 15 (4.0) | 0.926 (0.462–1.855) | 0.828 | 0.926 (0.454–1.883) | 0.829 |
| Ischemic stroke | 8 (2.1) | 12 (3.2) | 1.650 (0.674–4.049) | 0.273 | 1.742 (0.694–4.367) | 0.237 |
| Rehospitalization for heart failure | 6 (1.6) | 13 (3.5) | 2.273 (0.863–5.988) | 0.097 | 1.748 (0.617–4.950) | 0.293 |
PCSK9 proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, MACEs major adverse cardiac events (including all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and rehospitalization for heart failure), DM diabetes mellitus, Non-DM non-diabetes mellitus. *Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, smoking status, left ventricular ejection fraction, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction score, coronary artery lesions, total cholesterol, HbA1c, leukocyte count, hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, high-sensitivity C reactive protein and fibrinogen