Table 1. Comparison of performance parameters.

Comparison between sitting (SIT), sitting with concurrent electromyostimulation of the legs (EMS_SIT), handcycling (HANDCYCLE), and handcycling with concurrent electromyostimulation of the legs (EMS_HANDCYCLE).

Parameter	SIT	EMS_SIT	HANDCYCLE	EMS_HANDCYCLE
V̇O2 [l min−1]	0.27 ± 0.08+	0.70 ± 0.38	0.85 ± 0.20	1.23 ± 0.44+
VE [l min−1]	8.94 ± 2.20+	20.08 ± 9.85**	25.11 ± 5.70	35.75 ± 13.31+
RER [AU]	0.80 ± 0.06+	0.89 ± 0.07	0.87 ± 0.05	0.89 ± 0.04*
HR [min−1]	70.0 ± 9.7+	84.7 ± 17.0***	103.0 ± 14.7	114.8 ± 18.5+

Notes.

⁺Significantly different from any other condition (p < 0.001).

^*Significantly different from HANDCYCLE (p < 0.05).

^**Significantly different from HANDCYCLE (p < 0.01).

^***Significantly different from HANDCYCLE (p < 0.001).