Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of derivation cohort
| Characteristic | Overall, % (n) | Alive at discharge | Death in hospital |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 4352) | (n = 3757) | (n = 595) | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, median (IQR), years (n = 4351) | 65 (55–75) | 65 (55–75) | 68 (58–77) |
| BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2 (n = 4339) | 28.0 (24.1–32.9) | 28.1 (24.2–33.0) | 27.2 (23.4–32.4) |
| Female | 38.3 (1666) | 38.0 (1428) | 40.0 (238) |
| Caucasian (n = 3808) | 73.3 (2791) | 73.1 (2397) | 74.3 (394) |
| General medical problems and risk factors | |||
| Smoking status (n = 4311) | |||
| Current | 17.2 (742) | 18.2 (676) | 11.2 (66) |
| Ex-smoker | 37.4 (1613) | 37.5 (1396) | 36.9 (217) |
| Unknown | 6.7 (289) | 5.8 (215) | 12.6 (74) |
| Hypertension | 65.6 (2854) | 66.2 (2488) | 61.5 (366) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 34.4 (1495) | 33.8 (1268) | 38.2 (227) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 26.3 (1143) | 24.8 (932) | 35.5 (211) |
| Dialysis dependent (n = 1142) | 21.1 (241) | 20.5 (191) | 23.7 (50) |
| Significant pulmonary disease | 16.8 (729) | 16.0 (601) | 21.5 (128) |
| Significant liver disease | 3.7 (160) | 3.5 (132) | 4.7 (28) |
| Cardiovascular history | |||
| Coronary artery disease | 40.8 (1774) | 40.7 (1530) | 41.0 (244) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 10.5 (459) | 10.0 (374) | 14.3 (85) |
| Peripheral artery disease | 9.9 (431) | 9.4 (355) | 12.8 (76) |
| Heart failure | 39.3 (1711) | 37.9 (1425) | 48.1 (286) |
| LVEF < 40% (n = 1667) | 60.5 (1009) | 59.8 (832) | 64.4 (177) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 25.2 (1097) | 24.5 (921) | 29.6 (176) |
| Ventricular arrhythmia | 7.0 (303) | 6.7 (250) | 8.9 (53) |
| Severe valvular disease | 16.5 (720) | 16.1 (605) | 19.3 (115) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 6.4 (278) | 5.9 (221) | 9.6 (57) |
| Congenital heart disease | 2.6 (111) | 2.6 (98) | 2.2 (13) |
All data are reported as column % (n), unless otherwise specified.
For rows that are limited to subgroups or have missing data, available n is specified.
BMI, body mass index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.