Table 5.

Predictor effects on senior performance among higher and lower absolute performance levels^a

Predictor variables	World class vs. national class			Lower-level comparisons			Comparison
	$\overline{d}$	95% CI	p value	$\overline{d}$	95% CI	p value	F	p value
Age
Milestones	0.420	0.22 to 0.62	< 0.001	0.035	− 0.52 to 0.59	0.902	2.17	0.157
Start	0.409	0.19 to 0.63	< 0.001	0.174	− 0.00 to 0.35	0.055	2.67	0.111
Main sport
Practice	− 0.232	− 0.38 to − 0.08	0.002	0.474	0.27 to 0.68	< 0.001	24.00	< 0.001
Play	− 0.033	− 0.30 to 0.23	0.811	0.143	− 0.25 to 0.54	0.478	0.17	0.682
Other sports
Practice/play	0.269	0.15 to 0.39	< 0.001	0.140	− 0.02 to 0.30	0.076	1.67	0.205
Practice	0.497	0.37 to 0.63	< 0.001	0.208	− 0.06 to 0.48	0.130	3.58	0.074
Play	0.114	− 0.02 to 0.25	0.098	–	–	–	–	–

CI confidence interval, $\overline{d}$ = meta-analytic mean Cohen’s $\overline{d},$ – indicates not enough effect sizes (k < 5)

^aNote the sign of effects for age- and activity-related predictors: a positive effect indicates that higher performance was associated with later (higher) ages and with greater activity amounts