Table 1.

Anthropometric and biochemical parameters of control subjects and type 2 diabetic patients treated or not with metformin.

	Control	T2D	T2D-metformin	Age and BMI-corrected p value	HbA1c% corrected p value
n	101	48	93
Male%	45	47.92	55
Age (years)	45 ± 10	60 ± 11*	60 ± 9*	–
BMI (Kg/m2)	24.83 ± 4.42	29.59 ± 5.31*	29.70 ± 4.62*	–
Waist circumference (cm)	82.69 ± 13.49	100.34 ± 13.06*	102.38 ± 11.21*	*	*
Waist-Hip index	0.83 ± 0.09	0.93 ± 0.08*	0.96 ± 0.07*	*	*
SBP (mm Hg)	122 ± 20.33	142.74 ± 20.61*	139.16 ± 14.59*	*	*
DBP (mm Hg)	74.54 ± 12.07	81.58 ± 11.75*	79.33 ± 9.82*	*	*
Insulin (μUI/mL)	7.42 ± 5.18	16.58 ± 9.37*	16.37 ± 12.11*	*	*
HOMA-IR	1.67 ± 1.28	5.56 ± 4.06*	5.27 ± 4.25*	*	*
HbA1c (%)	5.27 ± 0.30	7.16 ± 1.56*	6.66 ± 0.69#*	*	–
Glucose (mg/dL)	89.60 ± 10.71	135.48 ± 40.53*	131.40 ± 32.87*	*	*
cholesterol (mg/dL)	194.28 ± 34.77	175.43 ± 39.77*	168.21 ± 38.56*	*	*
HDL(mg/dL)	56.15 ± 14.11	46.73 ± 12.81*	44.34 ± 10.59*	*	*
LDL(mg/dL)	118.30 ± 28.78	104.38 ± 33.53*	97.06 ± 33.54*	*	*
VLDL(mg/dL)	14.5 (11.75–23)	20.5 (15–30)*	24 (18–33.75)*	*	*
CT/HDL	3.44 ± 1.02	3.98 ± 1.19	3.94 ± 1.12	*	*
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	73 (58.5–116)	102 (76–150)*	127 (92–169.83)*	*	*
Non-HDL Cholesterol	138.12 ± 33.64	129.67 ± 36.66	123.86 ± 37.38*	*	*

Mean±standard deviations are shown in the table for normally distributed data, while the median and the 25th and 75th quartiles are displayed for non-normally distributed data. Comparisons between groups were made with ANOVA and the Tukey post-test. Non-normally distributed data were compared with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The influence of age, BMI and HbA1c was tested and corrected with the multivariate linear model correction. *p < 0.05 vs control and †p < 0.05 vs type 2 diabetes.