TABLE 1.

Results for Patients Who Reported “Opioids” as Their Primary Drug of Choice and Who Reported “Probably” or “Definitely” Using Fentanyl

	Buprenorphine* (N = 1163)		Methadone† (N = 1163)
After Using Fentanyl, What Was the Shortest Amount of Time You Waited to Use Buprenorphine or Methadone?	n	%	n	%
Within 24 h of using fentanyl	339	29.1	135	11.6
Within 48 h of using fentanyl	160	13.8	22	1.9
Within 72 h of using fentanyl	97	8.3	21	1.8
Within 1 wk of using fentanyl	52	4.5	13	1.1
Within 1 mo of using fentanyl	37	3.2	8	0.7
Within 1 yr of using fentanyl	57	4.9	29	2.5
Never	421	36.2	935	80.4
	Buprenorphine* (N = 685)		Methadone† (N = 200)
After Fentanyl Use, Have You Experienced Withdrawal Symptoms When Taking Buprenorphine or Methadone?	n	%	n	%
No opioid withdrawal symptoms	177	25.8	97	48.5
Mild opioid withdrawal symptoms	122	17.8	44	22.0
Moderate opioid withdrawal symptoms	136	19.9	29	14.5
Severe opioid withdrawal symptoms	250	36.5	30	15.0
	Buprenorphine* (N = 177)		Methadone† (N = 97)
Did Buprenorphine or Methadone Decrease Your Withdrawal Symptoms After Fentanyl Use?	n	%	n	%
No decrease	29	16.4	18	18.6
Mild decrease	23	13.0	6	6.2
Moderate decrease	57	32.2	30	30.9
Complete alleviation of withdrawal symptoms	68	38.4	43	44.3

	Buprenorphine* (N = 685)			Methadone† (N = 199)
Odds of Severe Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms After Fentanyl Use	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Within 24 h of using fentanyl	5.202	1.979–13.675	0.001	0.616	0.117–3.247	0.568
Within 48 h of using fentanyl	3.352	1.237–9.089	0.017	0.300	0.035–2.606	0.275
Within 72 h of using fentanyl	2.222	0.780–6.329	0.135	0.316	0.036–2.750	0.297
Within 1 wk of using fentanyl	2.133	0.687–6.620	0.190	0.250	0.019–3.342	0.295

^*Buprenorphine (also known as Belbuca, Buprenex, Butrans, Probuphine, Sublocade, Suboxone, and Zubsolv).

^†Methadone (also known as Methadose).