TABLE 3.
H/I-induced changes of miRNAs in the brain with defined target genes.
| H/I regulated miRNAs | Species | Target genes | Functions | References |
| Up-regulated by H/I | ||||
| miR-7-5p | Rat | Sirtuin 1 | Enhance cerebral inflammation | Zhao and Wang, 2020 |
| miR-19a-3p | Human, rat | IGFBP3 | Promote inflammation | Chai et al., 2020 |
| miR-20b | Rat | NLRP3 | Promote inflammation by activate NLRP3 signaling | Zhao et al., 2019 |
| miR-21-3p | Rat | MAT2B | Promote inflammation | Li C. et al., 2019 |
| miR-155 | Human, mouse | MafB, DUSP14 | Induce inflammatory mediators expression | Shi Y. et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020a |
| miR-186-5p | Rat | CTRP3 | Increase microglia/macrophage inflammation | Chen et al., 2021 |
| miR-200b | Rat | KLF4 | Induce microglia M1 polarization | Wen et al., 2018 |
| miR-210 | Mouse | TET2 | Induce macrophage infiltration, microglial activation and inflammation | Huang et al., 2018; Ma Q. et al., 2021 |
| miR-217 | Rat | SIRT1, MEF2D | Induce neuronal injury and inflammatory response | Rao et al., 2019; Shi L. et al., 2020 |
| miR-449c-5p | Rat | STAT6 | Promote microglial inflammation | Zhang et al., 2020b |
| miR-3473b | Mouse | SOCS3 | Promote neuroinflammation | Wang X. et al., 2018 |
| Down-regulated by H/I | ||||
| miR-7a-5p | Rat | SNCA | Inhibit mitochondrial fragmentation and oxidative stress | Kim et al., 2018 |
| miR-17-5p | Rat | TXNIP | Inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome | Chen et al., 2018 |
| miR-26b-5p | Rat | Smad1 | Inhibit apoptosis and inflammatory responses | Shangguan et al., 2020 |
| miR-29a | Rat | TP53INP1 | Inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome | Liu X. et al., 2021 |
| miR-34c-5p | Rat | NCOA1 | Inhibit inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB signaling | Tu and Hu, 2021 |
| miR-124 | Rat | CYBB | Inhibit neuroinflammation and NF-κB signaling | Wu et al., 2020 |
| miR-125b | Rat | TP53INP1 | Inhibit neuroinflammation and apoptosis | Li et al., 2018 |
| miR-140-3p | Rat | HIF-1α | Alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis | Yi et al., 2020 |
| miR-181c-3p | Rat | CXCL1 | Inhibit inflammation in astrocytes | Song et al., 2019 |
| miR-182-5p | Rat, mouse | TLR4 | Inhibit inflammatory cytokines | Wang J. et al., 2018 |
| miR-199b | Mouse | AQP4 | Inhibit neuroinflammation | Zhang et al., 2021 |
| miR-302a-3p | Mouse | STAT1 | Inhibit microglial inflammation | Hu et al., 2021 |
| miR-367-3p | Mouse | Gprc5a | Inhibit neuroinflammation | Tabet et al., 2020 |
| miR-374a-5p | Rat | Smad6 | Inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome | Chen et al., 2020e |
| miR-381 | Rat | IRF4 | Inhibit inflammatory cytokines | Fang et al., 2021 |
| miR-410 | Human | PTEN | Inhibit neuroinflammation | Meng et al., 2021 |
| miR-421-3p | Mouse | YTHDF1 | Prevent inflammatory response | Zheng et al., 2020 |
| miR-424 | Human, mouse | CDC25A, CCND1, CDK6 | Inhibit neuronal apoptosis and microglia activation | Zhao et al., 2013 |
| miR-485 | Rat | AIM2 | Inhibit pyroptosis and inflammation | Liang et al., 2020 |
| miR-532-5p | Rat | CXCL1 | Inhibit neuroinflammation and NF-κB signaling | Shi et al., 2021 |
| miR-542-3p | Mouse | TLR4 | Inhibit neuroinflammation | Cai et al., 2021 |
| miR-665-3p | Mouse | TRIM8 | Inhibit apoptosis and microglial inflammation | Zhang et al., 2020d |
| miR-874-3p | Human, mouse | CXCL12 | Promote angiogenesis and inhibit inflammation | Xie et al., 2020 |
| miR-1202 | Human | Rab1a | Inactivate TLR4/NF-κB-involved inflammatory signaling pathway | Song et al., 2020 |
| let-7c-5p | Human, mouse | Caspase-3 | Inhibit microglia activation | Ni et al., 2015 |
| let7i | Human | CD86, CXCL8, HMGB1 | Regulate leukocyte activation, recruitment and proliferation | Jickling et al., 2016 |