FIGURE 5.

Haloperidol treatment activated NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling and increased NLRC4, NLRP6, and IL-1β protein expression in cultured astrocytes. Cells were treated with 0.1, 1, or 10 μM haloperidol for 24 h. (A–E) Western blot was used to examine the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 (20 kDa), GSDMD (53 and 35 kDa), NLRC4, NLRP6, and IL-1β. The data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. control (one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; n = 3–4 cultures/western blot group). Con, control; HAL, haloperidol.