FIGURE 7.
2-(3-Trifluoromethylphenyl) histamine (FMPH) co-treatment reversed quetiapine induced activation of NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling and inhibited IL-1β protein expression in cultured astrocytes. (A–F) Cultured cells were treated with vehicle [dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + water], quetiapine 10 μM, quetiapine10 μM + FMPH 10 μM, quetiapine 10 μM + FMPH 5 μM, or FMPH 10 μM for 24 h. Western blot was used to examine the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 (20 kDa), GSDMD (53 and 35 kDa), and IL-1β. The data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. Con; $p < 0.05, $$p < 0.01, $$$p < 0.001 vs. QUE (one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; n = 4 cultures/western blot group). Con, control; QUE, quetiapine; QUE + FMPH H, quetiapine + FMPH high dose; QUE + FMPH L, quetiapine + FMPH low dose; FMPH H, FMPH high dose.