TABLE 2.

Antioxidant activity as measured by ABTS (μmol eq TROLOX/100 g dw), FRAP (μmol eq FeSO4/g dw), and DPPH (mg eq AA/100 g dw) in aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the studied tunicates and sea cucumbers.

	ABTS (μ mol eq TROLOX/100 g dw)		FRAP (μ mol eq FeSO4/g dw)		DPPH (mg eq AA/100 g dw)
	Extract		Extract		Extract
Species	Aqueous (n = 3)	Ethanolic (n = 3)	Aqueous (n = 3)	Ethanolic (n = 3)	Aqueous (n = 3)	Ethanolic (n = 3)
Styela plicata	1,126 ± 81aA	552 ± 60bB	2.9 ± 0.5aA	5.5 ± 0.1bB	6.9 ± 10.9abA	ndaB
Aplidium sp.	6,206 ± 180fA	5,020 ± 20dB	34.3 ± 0.4eA	34.2 ± 0.1dA	ndaA	102.0 ± 1.6bB
Botrylloides diegensis	6,735 ± 11gA	5,886 ± 83eB	54.6 ± 0.4fA	56.5 ± 0.0eB	16.7 ± 4.1bcA	179.0 ± 1.7cB
Ciona robusta	4,271 ± 109eA	3,027 ± 56cB	19.7 ± 0.6dA	15.6 ± 0.6cB	151.7 ± 4.4eA	162.7 ± 2.5cB
H. arguinensis	2,234 ± 136cA	166 ± 35aB	7.0 ± 0.2bA	2.0 ± 0.1aB	ndaA	13.5 ± 12.7aB
H. mammata	3,089 ± 158dA	33 ± 57aB	6.2 ± 0.0bA	1.5 ± 0.2aB	31.8 ± 6.2cA	5.7 ± 9.8aB
H. forskali	1,883 ± 81bA	ndaB	8.9 ± 0.5cA	2.1 ± 0.6aB	106.1 ± 4.7dA	ndaB

Values are presented as average ± standard deviation. nd, not detected. For all groups, n = 3. Different lowercase letters within a column correspond to statistical differences (p < 0.05) between different species and same extract type (ethanolic or aqueous, respectively). For each antioxidant methodology, different uppercase letters within a row correspond to statistical differences (p < 0.05) between aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the same species.