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. 2022 May 9;10:914280. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.914280

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Copyright © 2022 Xu, Xue, Li, Ye and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The production of arbutin via plant extraction, chemical synthesis, biotransformation, and microbial fermentation. ubiC encodes chorismate lyase; MNX1 encodes 4-hydroxybenzoate 1-hydroxylase; AS encodes arbutin synthase. UDPG: uridine diphosphate glucose; UDP: uridine diphosphate; pHBA: p-hydroxybenzoic acid; HQ: hydroquinone.