. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 23.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2020 Sep;21(9):787–796. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002404

TABLE 3.

Caregiver Distress and Family Functioning Over Time

	Time Point
Measure	Baseline	Month 1	Month 3	Month 6	Month 12
Caregiver distress measures
No. of respondents	246	206	180	161	149
Somatization	3.3 (4.45)	2.0 (3.05) p ≤ 0.001^a	1.8 (2.93) p ≤ 0.001^a	1.5 (2.39) p ≤ 0.001^a	1.7 (2.94) p ≤ 0.001^a
Depression	3.4 (3.83)	2.5 (3.29) p ≤ 0.001^a	2.5 (3.67) p ≤ 0.001^a	2.0 (2.93) p ≤ 0.001^a	2.1 (3.10) p ≤ 0.001^a
Anxiety	3.7 (3.25)	2.4 (2.95) p ≤ 0.001^a	2.1 (2.50) p ≤ 0.001^a	1.8 (2.35) p ≤ 0.001^a	2.2 (2.52) p ≤ 0.001^a
Panic	2.5 (3.09)	1.4 (2.35) p ≤ 0.001^a	1.2 (2.07) p ≤ 0.001^a	0.9 (1.63) p ≤ 0.001^a	1.0 (1.92) p ≤ 0.001^a
Overall Brief Symptom Inventory score	12.9 (12.39)	8.3 (9.92) p ≤ 0.001^a	7.6 (9.31) p ≤ 0.001^a	6.2 (7.54) p ≤ 0.001^a	7.0 (8.70) p ≤ 0.001^a
Family functioning
No. of respondents	257	217	195	173	162
Overall Family Assessment Device score	1.6 (0.46)	1.6 (0.50) p = 0. 0.8116^a	1.6 (0.51) p = 0.3562^a	1.6 (0.46) p = 0.0399^a	1.6 (0.48) p = 0.4108^a
Stressed^b	52 (20.2%)	52 (24.0%) p = 0.329^c	51 (26.2%) p = 0.138^c	40 (23.1%) p = 0.475^c	50 (30.9%) p = 0.014^c

Wilcoxon signed-rank test comparing time point to baseline.

Stressed is defined as an FAD score of ≥ 2.

Likelihood ratio test comparing time point to baseline.