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. 2022 May 23;22:573. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09463-x

Table 3.

Diagnostic performance of biomarker panels in extracellular vesicles for pancreatic cancer

Study Country study design Cases vs Controls Specimen Stage Controls Status Detection Method Panel SEN% SPE% AUC P Value
Number Age Male (%)
Madhavan, 2015 [43] Germany Case–control 75/45 / / Serum I-IV NCb qPCR panel A 81 93 0.94 /
Flow cytometry panel B 96 100 0.99 /
qPCR/Flow cytometry panel A/B 100 93 / /
Yang, 2017 [47]a USA prospective 22/21 / / plasma / NCb NPS chip panel C 86 86 / /
panel D 82 90 / /
panel E 86 81 / /
panel F 95 81 / /
Lewis, 2018 [50] USA Case–control 20/11 64/NA / Plasma IIA- IIB HC ACE Immunoassay panel G 94 91 0.99 /
20/6 64/60 70/33 Plasma II A- II B BPD ACE Immunoassay 81 78 0.81 /
Xiao, 2019 [79] China Case–control 24/26 59/45 42/85 Plasma / HC Flow cytometry panel H 76e 96e 0.90 /
24/6 59/73 42/83 Plasma / CP Flow cytometry 100e 66e 0.90 /
Yu, 2019 [85]a China Case–control 95/83 61/NA 57/66 Plasma I-IV NCc ExLR-seq panel I 94 92 0.94 /
52/83 / / I-II 88 92 0.91 /
35/83 / / I 85 92 0.90 /
17/83 / / II 94 92 0.93 /
43/83 / / III-IV 100 92 0.97 /
95/40 61/53 57/70 Plasma I-IV CP ExLR-seq 94 90 0.95 /
52/40 / / I-II 89 90 0.92 /
35/40 / / I 86 90 0.91 /
17/40 / / II 94 90 0.95 /
43/40 / / III-IV 100 90 0.99 /
95/43 61/63 57/62 Plasma I-IV HC ExLR-seq 94 93 0.92 /
Rodrigues, 2019 [33]a USA Case–control 20/12 / 45/25 serum NCf nanoparticle-and dyebased fluorescent immunoassay panel Q / / 0.95 /
Reese, 2020 [31] Germany Case–control 56/33 / 64/52 Serum-EpCAM II-IV NCc qPCR panel J 64e 91e 0.84 0.0004
Zhou, 2020 [62] China Case–control 30/10 60/58 / Plasma I-IV NCd 3D mircrofluidic chip panel K 100e 100e 1.00 /
Wu, 2020 [61] China Case–control 30/10 62/51 60/80 serum 0-IV CP qPCR panel L 93 80 / /
Pu, 2020 [25] China Case–control 36/65 / / Plasma I-IV HC cationic lipoplex nanoparticle panel M 75 e 80 e 0.79  < 0.0001
Qin, 2021 [63]a China Case–control 44/27 / 50/44 Plasma I-IV HC qPCR panel N 75e 74e 0.78 /
panel P 91e 74e 0.89 /
44/40 / 50/65 CP panel N 92e 40e 0.71 /
panel P 64e 90e 0.77 /
44/67 50/57 NCc panel N 72e 63e 0.70 /
panel P 53e 83e 0.72 /
Li, 2021 [76]a China Case–control 21/29 54/62 43/55 plasma / HC AbMB-bioChol paltform panel R 38e 93e 0.74 /
Wu, 2021 [71] China Case–control 284/117 / 59/62 plasma I-IV HC ExLR-seq panel S 80e 73e 0.86 /
284/100 / 59/46 CP 64e 82e 0.84 /
14/32 / / / HC RNA-seq panel T 100 100 1.00 /
Verel-Y, 2021 [73] Germany Case–control 72/20 / 50/NA Serum I-IV HC bead-coupled FACS/qPCR panel U 100 100 1.00 /
panel V 91e 82e 0.93 /
Kim, 2021 [77]a Korea Case–control 20/20 61/51 70/50 plasma I-III CL qPCR panel W 38e 95e 0.69 /
panel X 65e 99e 0.77 /
panel Y 76e 75e 0.84 /
panel Z 85e 81e 0.87 /
panel 1 56e 95e 0.79 /
panel 2 81 80 0.87 /
panel 3 76 90 0.87 /
panel 4 76 90 0.90 /
panel 5 81 85 0.86 /
panel 6 76 85 0.87 /
panel 7 76 85 0.91 /
panel 8 86 90 0.91 /
Kim, 2021 [77]a Korea Case–control 20/20 61/51 70/50 plasma I-III CL qPCR panel 9 76 90 0.93 /
panel 10 81 85 0.91 /
panel 11 67 90 0.81 /
panel 12 76 90 0.90 /
panel 13 86 90 0.94 /
panel 14 90 90 0.95 /
panel 15 86 90 0.94 /
panel 16 81 85 0.92 /
panel 17 86 90 0.91 /
panel 18 76 90 0.94 /
panel 19 90 85 0.94 /
panel 20 81 90 0.96 /
panel 21 86 90 0.94 /
panel 22 90 90 0.96 /
panel 23 90 85 0.95 /
panel 24 90 90 0.96 /
panel 25 86 90 0.95 /
panel 26 86 85 0.96 /
panel 27 90 90 0.97 /
Guo, 2021 [78]a China Case–control 27/15 57/43 63/60 plasma IB-IV CP small RNA sequencing panel 28 81 93 0.88 /
30/18 63/44 63/72 IB-III panel 29 / / 0.94 /
panel 30 / / 0.94 /
panel 31 / / 0.94 /
panel 32 / / 0.94 /
panel 33 / / 0.94 /
panel 34 / / 0.94 /
Guo, 2021 [78]a China Case–control 30/18 63/44 63/72 plasma IB-III CP small RNA sequencing panel 35 / / 0.93 /
panel 36 / / 0.93 /
panel 37 / / 0.93 /
panel 38 / / 0.93 /
panel 39 / / 0.93 /
panel 40 / / 0.93 /
panel 41 / / 0.92 /
panel 42 / / 0.92 /
panel 43 / / 0.92 /
panel 44 / / 0.92 /
panel 45 / / 0.92 /
panel 46 / / 0.92 /
panel 47 / / 0.92 /
panel 48 / / 0.92 /
panel 49 / / 0.91 /
panel 50 / / 0.91 /
panel 51 / / 0.91 /
panel 52 / / 0.91 /
panel 53 / / 0.91 /
panel 54 / / 0.91 /
panel 55 / / 0.91 /
panel 56 / / 0.91 /
panel 57 / / 0.91 /
panel 58 / / 0.91 /
panel 59 / / 0.90 /
panel 60 / / 0.90 /
Guo, 2021 [78]a China Case–control 30/18 63/44 63/72 plasma IB-III CP small RNA sequencing panel 61 / / 0.90 /
panel 62 / / 0.90 /
panel 63 / / 0.90 /
panel 64 / / 0.90 /
panel 65 / / 0.90 /
panel 66 / / 0.90 /
panel 67 / / 0.90 /
panel 68 / / 0.90 /
panel 69 / / 090 /
panel 70 / / 0.90 /
panel 71 / / 0.90 /
panel 72 / / 0.90 /
panel 73 / / 0.90 /
panel 74 / / 0.90 /
panel 75 / / 0.90 /
panel 76 / / 0.89 /
panel 77 / / 0.89 /
panel 78 / / 0.89 /
panel 79 / / 0.89 /
panel 80 / / 0.89 /
panel 81 / / 0.89 /
panel 82 / / 0.89 /
panel 83 / / 0.89 /
panel 84 / / 0.89 /
panel 85 / / 0.89 /
panel 86 / / 0.89 /
Guo, 2021 [78]a China Case–control 30/18 63/44 63/72 plasma IB-III CP small RNA sequencing panel 87 / / 0.89 /
panel 88 / / 0.89 /
panel 89 / / 0.89 /
panel 90 / / 0.88 /
panel 91 / / 0.88 /
panel 92 / / 0.88 /
panel 93 / / 0.88 /
panel 94 / / 0.88 /
panel 95 / / 0.88 /
panel 96 / / 0.88 /
panel 97 / / 0.88 /
panel 98 / / 0.88 /
panel 99 / / 0.88 /
panel 100 / / 0.88 /
panel 101 / / 0.88 /
panel 102 / / 0.88 /
panel 103 / / 0.87 /
panel 104 / / 0.87 /
panel 105 / / 0.87 /
panel 106 / / 0.87 /
panel 107 / / 0.87 /
panel 108 / / 0.87 /
panel 109 / / 0.87 /
panel 110 / / 0.86 /
panel 111 / / 0.86 /
panel 112 / / 0.86 /
Guo, 2021 [78]a China Case–control 30/18 63/44 63/72 plasma IB-III CP small RNA sequencing panel 113 / / 0.86 /
panel 114 / / 0.86 /
panel 115 / / 0.85 /
panel 116 / / 0.85 /
panel 117 / / 0.85 /
panel 118 / / 0.84 /
panel 119 / / 0.83 /
panel 120 / / 0.83 /
panel 121 / / 0.83 /
panel 122 / / 0.83 /
panel 123 / / 0.83 /
panel 124 / / 0.82 /
panel 125 / / 0.82 /
panel 126 / / 0.822 /
panel 127 / / 0.82 /
panel 128 / / 0.82 /
panel 129 / / 0.81 /
panel 130 / / 0.81 /
panel 131 / / 0.80 /
panel 132 / / 0.79 /
panel 133 / / 0.77 /
panel 134 / / 0.76 /
panel 135 / / 0.76 /
panel 136 / / 0.76 /
panel 137 / / 0.75 /
panel 138 / / 0.74 /
Guo, 2021 [78]a China Case–control 30/18 63/44 63/72 plasma IB-III CP small RNA sequencing panel 139 / / 0.74 /
panel 140 / / 0.74 /
panel 141 / / 0.72 /
panel 142 / / 0.72 /
panel 143 / / 0.72 /
panel 144 / / 0.71 /
panel 145 / / 0.71 /
panel 146 / / 0.71 /

SENs, SPEs and AUCs in bold fonts represent results from validation set (non-bold fonts represent results without validation)

AUC area under the curve, ACE alternating current electrokinetic, AbMB antibody-conjugated magnetic beads, BPD benign pancreatic disease, CP chronic pancreatitis, CL cholecytitis, HC healthy control, FACS Cartoon of protocol for flow cytometry, NC noncancerous, NPS nanoplasmonic sensor, SEN sensitivity, SPE specificity

arepresent markers extracted from extracellular vesicles

bHC, CP, and benign pancreatic tumor

cHC and CP

dno history of cancer

erepresent 估算值

frepresent liver injury, pancreatitis, and cholangitis

Panel A: miR-1246, miR-4644, miR-3976, miR-4306; Panel B, CD44v6/Tspan8/EpCAM/CD104; panel C, EGFR/EPCAM/HER2/MUC1; Panel D, EGFR/EPCAM/GPC1/WNT2; Panel E, EGFR/EPCAM/MUC1/GPC1/WNT2; Panel F, EGFR/EPCAM/HER2/MUC1/GPC1/WNT2; Panel G, GPC1/CD63; Panel H, GPC1/CD82; Panel I, FGA/KRT19/HIST1H2BK/ITIH2/MARCH2/CLDN1/MAL2/TIMP1; panel Q, EpCAM/EphA2; Panel J, miR-200c/miR-200b; Panel K, miR-451a/21/10b/EphA2; Panel L, miR-21/210; Panel M, miR-21/10b; Panel N, FBXO7/MORF4L1//DDX17/TALDO1//AHNAK/TUBA1B; Panel P, FBXO7/MORF4L1//DDX17/TALDO1//AHNAK/TUBA1B//CD44/SETD3; panel R, EGFR/EpCAM/GPC1/EphA2; panel S, HIST2H2AA3/LUZP6/HLA-DRA; panel T, HIST2H2AA3/HIST1H4K/HLD-DRA/RN7SL1/LUZP6/FAM184B/FGF23/NEUROD2/miR663AHG/GPM6A; panel U, ADAM8/miR-720; panel V, ADAM8/miR-451; panel W, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-10b; panel X, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21; panel Y, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155; panel Z, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-429; panel 1, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-1290; panel 2, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155; panel 3, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-429; panel 4, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-1290; panel 5, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-10b; panel 6, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR-429; panel 7, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR-1290; panel 8, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR10b; panel 9, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-429/miR-1290; panel 10, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-429/miR-10b; panel 11, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 12, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-429; panel 13, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-10b; panel 14, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-1290; panel 15, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-429/miR-1290; panel 16, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-429/miR-10b; panel 17, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 18, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR-429/miR-1290; panel 19, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR-429/miR-10b; panel 20, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 21, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-429/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 22, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-429/miR-1290; panel 23, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-429/miR-10b; panel 24, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 25, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-429/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 26, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-155/miR-429/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 27, ITGA2/ITGAV/GPC1/miR-21/miR-155/miR-429/miR-1290/miR-10b; panel 28, miR-95-3p/miR-26b-5p; panel 29, miR-95-3p/miR-3605-3p; panel 30, miR-95-3p/miR-128-3p; panel 31, miR-95-3p/miR-30d-5p; panel 32,miR-95-3p/miR-505-5p; panel 33,miR-95-3p/miR-148b-3p; panel 34, miR-95-3p/miR-342-5p; panel 35,miR-95-3p/miR-532-5p; panel 36, miR-95-3p/let-7 g-5p; panel 37, miR-95-3p/miR-151a-3p; panel 38, miR-95-3p/miR-181a-2-3p; panel 39,miR-95-3p/miR-550a-5p; panel 40, miR-95-3p/let-7b-5p; panel 41, miR-95-3p/miR-191-5p; panel 42,miR-95-3p/miR-92a-3p; panel 43, miR-95-3p/miR-941; panel 44, miR-95-3p/miR-106b-3p; panel 45, miR-95-3p/miR-7706; panel 46, miR-95-3p/miR-183-5p; panel 47,miR-95-3p/miR-25-5p; panel 48,miR-95-3p/miR-486-3p; panel 49,miR-95-3p/miR-3158-3p; panel 50, miR-95-3p/miR-7-5p; panel 51, miR-95-3p/miR-101-3p; panel 52,miR-95-3p/miR-210-3p; panel 53,miR-95-3p/miR-550a-3-5p; panel 54, miR-95-3p/miR-584-5p; panel 55,miR-95-3p/miR-140-3p; panel 56, miR-95-3p/miR-4732-5p; panel 57, miR-95-3p/miR-363-5p; panel 58,miR-95-3p/miR-4326; panel 59, miR-95-3p/miR-1294; panel 60,miR-95-3p/miR-486-5p; panel 61, miR-95-3p/miR-185-3p; panel 62,miR-95-3p/miR-4732-3p; panel 63, miR-95-3p/miR-92b-3p; panel 64,miR-95-3p/miR-423-5p; panel 65,miR-95-3p/miR-503-5p; panel 66, miR-95-3p/miR-1180-3p; panel 67, miR-95-3p/miR-25-3p; panel 68,miR-95-3p/miR-92b-5p; panel 69, miR-95-3p/miR-1284; panel 70,miR-95-3p/miR-17-5p; panel 71, miR-95-3p/miR-2110; panel 72, miR-95-3p/miR-24–2-5p; panel 73,miR-95-3p/miR-339-3p; panel 74,miR-95-3p/miR-660-5p; panel 75,miR-95-3p/miR-6842-3p; panel 76, miR-95-3p/let-7d-5p; panel 77, miR-95-3p/miR-30e-5p; panel 78, miR-95-3p/miR-628-3p; panel 79, miR-95-3p/miR-629-5p; panel 80, miR-95-3p/let-7i-5p; panel 81, miR-95-3p/miR-142-5p; panel 82,miR-95-3p/miR-182-5p; panel 83, miR-95-3p/miR-1908-5p; panel 84, miR-95-3p/miR-425-5p; panel 85,miR-95-3p/miR-942-5p; panel 86, miR-95-3p/miR-93-5p; panel 87, miR-95-3p/miR-363-3p; panel 88, miR-95-3p/miR-18a-3p; panel 89, miR-95-3p/miR-320a; panel 90, miR-95-3p/miR-421; panel 91, miR-95-3p/miR-501-3p; panel 92,miR-95-3p/let-7a-3p; panel 93, miR-95-3p/miR-16–2-3p; panel 94, miR-95-3p/miR-16-5p; panel 95,miR-95-3p/miR-130b-3p; panel 96, miR-95-3p/miR-3613-5p; panel 97, miR-95-3p/miR-451a; panel 98, miR-95-3p/miR-20b-5p; panel 99, miR-95-3p/miR-103a-3p; panel 100, miR-95-3p/miR-1224-5p; panel 101, miR-95-3p/miR-185-5p; panel 102, miR-95-3p/miR-20a-5p; panel 103, miR-95-3p/miR-186-5p; panel 104, miR-95-3p/miR-3615; panel 105, miR-95-3p/miR-7976; panel 106, miR-95-3p/miR-652-3p; panel 107, miR-95-3p/miR-107; panel 108, miR-95-3p/miR-181a-5p; panel 109, miR-95-3p/miR-15b-3p; panel 110, miR-95-3p/let-7b-3p; panel 111, miR-95-3p/miR-10b-5p; panel 112, miR-95-3p/miR-24-3p; panel 113, miR-95-3p/miR-106b-5p; panel 114, miR-95-3p/miR-15a-5p; panel 115, miR-95-3p/miR-197-3p; panel 116, miR-95-3p/miR-32-5p; panel 117, miR-95-3p/miR-450b-5p; panel 118, miR-95-3p/let-7e-5p; panel 119, miR-95-3p/miR-155-5p; panel 120, miR-95-3p/miR-361-5p; panel 121, miR-95-3p/miR-126-3p; panel 122, miR-95-3p/miR-484; panel 123, miR-95-3p/miR-30a-5p; panel 124, miR-95-3p/miR-27a-3p; panel 125, miR-95-3p/miR-29a-3p; panel 126, miR-95-3p/miR-335-5p; panel 127, miR-95-3p/miR-125a-5p; panel 128, miR-95-3p/miR-338-5p; panel 129, miR-95-3p/miR-139-5p; panel 130, miR-95-3p/miR-22-5p; panel 131, miR-95-3p/miR-23a-3p; panel 132, miR-95-3p/miR-382-5p; panel 133, miR-95-3p/miR-543; panel 134, miR-95-3p/miR-499a-5p; panel 135, miR-95-3p/miR-4433b-3p; panel 136, miR-95-3p/miR-1228-5p; panel 137, miR-95-3p/miR-99b-5p; panel 138, miR-95-3p/miR-143-3p; panel 139, miR-95-3p/miR-206; panel 140, miR-95-3p/miR-224-5p; panel 141, miR-95-3p/miR-10a-5p; panel 142, miR-95-3p/miR-223-3p; panel 143, miR-95-3p/miR-134-5p; panel 144, miR-95-3p/miR-485-5p; panel 145, miR-95-3p/miR-760; panel 146, miR-95-3p/miR-199b-3p