Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients (whole sample and stratified by AKI).
| All patients (n = 174) |
AKI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 156) |
Yes (n = 18) |
p* | |||||
| Mean (median) |
SD (IQR) |
Mean (median) |
SD (IQR) |
Mean (median) |
SD (IQR) |
||
| Age (years) | 69.06 | 15.69 | 68.03 | 15.90 | 77.98 | 10.43 | 0.01 |
| eGFR (MDRD) | 88.90 | 33.42 | 91.07 | 31.54 | 70.79 | 43.16 | 0.015 |
| eGFR (CKD-EPI;BIS-1 over-80 years) | 76.71 | 25.77 | 79.29 | 24.87 | 55.50 | 23.50 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR (CKD-EPI; BIS-1 over-70 years) | 75.48 | 25.77 | 77.97 | 24.99 | 55.0 | 23.50 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR (CKD-EPI) | 79.78 | 23.88 | 82.10 | 22.92 | 60.72 | 23.67 | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) |
0.93 (0.88) |
0.40 (0.32) |
0.89 (0.85) |
0.30 (0.31) |
1.29 (1.09) |
0.81 (0.40) |
0.001 |
| Creatinine (micromol/L) |
82.68 (77.81) |
35.50 (28.29) |
78.96 (75.60) |
26.27 (26.53) |
113.67 (95.94) |
72.05 (35.37) |
0.002 |
| Creatinine 48 h (mg/dL) |
0.97 (0.83) |
0.60 (0.37) |
0.84 (0.80) |
0.30 (0.27) |
1.73 (1.60) |
1.14 (0.76) |
< 0.001 |
| Creatinine 7 days (mg/dL) |
0.97 (0.80) |
0.57 (0.47) |
0.82 (0.78) |
0.29 (0.26) |
1.89 (1.59) |
0.87 (0.42) |
< 0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 40.23 | 22.92 | 38.70 | 22.04 | 52.40 | 26.77 | 0.029 |
| Blood urea nitrogen 48 h (mg/dL) | 42.85 | 27.91 | 37.49 | 18.97 | 73.60 | 46.79 | 0.010 |
| White blood cells (n°/cc) |
7014.77 (5590) |
6826.20 (3740) |
6939.2 (5445) |
7041.9 (3260) |
7661.7 (7550) |
4681.7 (4970) |
0.265 |
| Neutrophiles (n°/cc) |
4957.08 (3800) |
3432.36 (3400) |
4813.4 (3800) |
3272.9 (2800) |
6178.3 (5900) |
4502.3 (4820) |
0.168 |
| Limphocytes (n°/cc) | 1058.78 | 560.43 | 1078.6 | 567.9 | 888.9 | 472.2 | 0.175 |
| Platelets (n°) | 212.91 | 90.33 | 211.2 | 87.3 | 227.3 | 114.6 | 0.475 |
| LDH (IU/L) |
277.38 (244) |
116.32 (128) |
270.6 (244.5) |
105.0 (129) |
338.1 (242) |
183.9 (178) |
0.259 |
| GOT (IU/L) |
39.92 (31) |
32.57 (24) |
40.07 (30) |
33.85 (26) |
38.53 (35) |
17.29 (15) |
0.337 |
| GPT (IU/L) |
37.89 (27) |
37.52 (28) |
38.77 (27) |
38.97 (29) |
30.06 (26.5) |
19.60 (23.5) |
0.576 |
| CRP (mg/L) |
69.96 (47.0) |
70.83 (98.55) |
68.57 (47.0) |
68.83 (96.6) |
81.92 (38.5) |
87.49 (109.2) |
0.774 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) |
0.90 (0.10) |
4.00 (0.16) |
0.57 (0.10) |
2.39 (0.17) |
3.36 (0.20) |
9.45 (0.50) |
0.008 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) |
832.46 (573) |
907.65 (723) |
758.3 (499) |
831.5 (689) |
1329.5 (844) |
1253.7 (1686) |
0.097 |
| D-dimer (ng/mL) |
2548.91 (948) |
5157.41 (1764) |
2269.2 (746) |
5173.2 (1446) |
4478.8 (2094) |
4856.7 (4535) |
0.002 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 127.02 | 20.37 | 128.00 | 20.01 | 121.18 | 22.12 | 0.203 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.60 | 12.35 | 74.31 | 11.89 | 69.41 | 14.46 | 0.131 |
| Lenght of hospitalization (days) |
25.20 (19) |
20.36 (21) |
24.94 (18.5) |
20.09 (20) |
27.44 (19) |
23.08 (21) |
0.683 |
| Time between the onset of symptoms and discharge/death (days) | 25.47 | 16.12 | 25.92 | 16.37 | 21.63 | 13.61 | 0.315 |
Median and Interquartile Range are shown for non normally distributed variables only.
*Comparison between AKI and no AKI: Student’s t test or Mann–Whitney test, as appropriate.
AKI = Acute Kidney Injury; SD = Standard Deviation; IQR = Interquartile Range; eGFR = Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; MDRD = Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study; CKD-EPI = Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; BIS-1 = Berlin Initiative Study 1 Equation; LDH = Lactate Dehydrogenase; GOT = Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase; GPT = Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase; CRP = C-Reactive Protein.