Table 3.
Agreement between steps and walking measured by direct observations and by ActivPAL3™ and SENS motion® used as both single- and dual-sensor systems.
| Steps | Walking time | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment method | ||||||
| All gait speeds N = 35 |
Slow walkers∗∗ N = 20 |
Fast walkers∗∗∗ N = 14 |
All gait speeds N = 35 |
Slow walkers∗∗ N = 20 |
Fast walkers∗∗∗ N = 14# |
|
| Direct observation | 7738∗ | 3811∗ | 3865∗ | 6397# | 3758# | 2446# |
| ActivPAL, single sensor | 5096∗ | 1872∗ | 3200∗ | 3863# | 1778# | 2039# |
| SENS, single sensor | 5800∗ | 2311∗ | 3311∗ | 5506# | 3175# | 2183# |
| ActivPAL, dual sensor | 5096∗ | 1872∗ | 3200∗ | 3795# | 1725# | 2040# |
| SENS, dual sensor | 5800∗ | 2435∗ | 3311∗ | 5506# | 3175# | 2182# |
| Percentage agreement between direct observation and ActivPAL/SENS | ||||||
| ActivPAL (single sensor), median % (IQR) | 71.9 (39.5-80.4) | 45.9 (10.7-74.7) | 82.3 (75.1-90.6) | 73.1 (29.3-87.6) | 59.6 (9.4-82.4) | 83.9 (73.1-92.1) |
| SENS (single sensor), median % (IQR) | 78.9 (40.3-87.1) | 53.33 (38.8-81.4) | 83.6 (78.4-91.4) | 88.9 (84.6-94.2) | 89.4 (81.3-92.6) | 89.4 (86.3-95.7) |
| ActivPAL (dual sensor), median % (IQR) | 71.9 (39.5-80.4) | 45.9 (10.7-74.7) | 82.3 (75.1-90.6) | 73.1 (29.3-87.6) | 59.2 (9.3-82.4) | 83.0 (73.9-95.1) |
| SENS (dual sensor), median % (IQR) | 78.9 (40.3-87.1) | 53.33 (38.8-81.4) | 83.6 (78.4-91.4) | 88.9 (84.6-94.2) | 89.4 (81.3-92.6) | 89.4 (86.3-95.7) |
∗Number of steps; #walking time in sec; ∗∗slow walkers: <0.67 m/s; ∗∗∗fast walkers: ≥0.67 m/s. ActivPAL: ActivPAL3™ monitor; SENS: SENS motion®.