Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and outcomes dichotomized by the presence of FDITS.
| FDITS | Non-FDITS | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 70) | (n = 248) | ||
| Demographics and clinical features | |||
| Age, year | 71 ± 14 | 70 ± 13 | 0.684 |
| Male, n (%) | 43 (61.4) | 154 (62.1) | 0.999 |
| Baseline NIHSS, median (IQR) | 18 (14–20) | 13 (9–16) | <0.001* |
| Onset to door time, mina, | 194 (120–318) | 174 (86–260) | 0.167* |
| median (IQR) | |||
| Onset to needle time, minb, | 259 (168–337) | 208 (135–296) | 0.061* |
| median (IQR) | |||
| Baseline systolic BP, mmHg | 155 ± 25 | 150 ± 23 | 0.167 |
| Baseline diastolic BP, mmHg | 84 ± 15 | 83 ± 14 | 0.444 |
| Baseline blood glucose, mmol/L | 7.31 ± 2.45 | 7.65 ± 2.40 | 0.310 |
| INR, median (IQR) | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 1.02 (0.98–1.10) | 0.246* |
| History of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 36 (52.2) | 123 (50.4) | 0.892 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 50 (72.5) | 154 (63.1) | 0.156 |
| History of diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (13.0) | 46 (18.9) | 0.289 |
| History of coronary artery disease, n (%) | 8 (11.6) | 33 (13.5) | 0.840 |
| History of stroke/ TIA, n (%) | 13 (18.8) | 55 (22.5) | 0.620 |
| Baseline imaging data | |||
| Baseline hypoperfusion volume, | 154 (97–213) | 124 (74–168) | 0.005* |
| ml, median (IQR) | |||
| Baseline ischemic core volume, | 80 (41–140) | 48 (25-84) | <0.001* |
| ml, median (IQR) | |||
| Poor collaterals, n (%) | 57 (83.8) | 111 (46.6) | <0.001 |
| Baseline edema score, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.021* |
| Outcomes | |||
| PH, n (%) | 12 (17.1) | 25 (10.1) | 0.137 |
| sICH, n (%) | 6 (8.6) | 16 (6.5) | 0.594 |
| Edema score at 24-h, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 1 (0–2) | <0.001* |
| Brain edema expansion, n (%) | 62 (88.6) | 93 (37.5) | <0.001 |
| Reperfusion, n (%)c | 21 (48.8) | 111 (58.7) | 0.306 |
| Unfavorable outcome, n (%) | 65 (92.9) | 132 (53.2) | <0.001 |
*
Mann–Whitney U-test.
a
Estimated as the midpoint of sleep (i.e., the time between going to sleep and waking up with symptoms) among patients with wake-up stroke.
b
Evaluated in patients who received intravenous thrombolysis (n = 243, FDITS vs. non-FDITS = 50 vs. 193).
c
Evaluated in patients who had both baseline and 24-h perfusion images (n = 232, FDITS vs. non-FDITS = 43 vs. 189).
FDITS, filling defect of the ipsilateral transverse sinus; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; BP, blood pressure; INR, International normalized ratio; TIA, Transient ischemic attack; PH, parenchymal hemorrhage; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.