Table 3. Adverse Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Nonsurgical and Surgical Specialists vs Family Physicians.

Outcome	Specialty	Odds ratio (95% CI)
		Unadjusted	Adjusteda
Severe maternal morbidity	Family physician (n = 5315)	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
	Nonsurgical specialist (n = 4163)	1.21 (0.89-1.64)	1.12 (0.82-1.53)
	Surgical specialist (n = 544)	1.59 (0.83-3.04)	1.43 (0.74-2.76)
Severe neonatal morbidity	Family physician (n = 5305)	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
	Nonsurgical specialist (n = 4158)	1.01 (0.83-1.22)	0.98 (0.80-1.19)
	Surgical specialist (n = 543)	1.15 (0.73-1.80)	1.08 (0.68-1.71)

^a Adjusted for maternal age, calendar year, immigration status, comorbidity index, parity, history of preterm birth, multiple gestation, and mode of delivery.