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. 2022 May 23;5(5):e2212921. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.12921

Table 3. Intervention Effects on Secondary Outcomes (Representing Components of Intervention and Additional Mobility Measures).

Outcome and time frame Standard-plus Standard Adjusted difference (SE)a P valuea
Mean (SD) P value Mean (SD P value
Lower extremity strength change, newtons
12 wk 7.5 (29.7) .02 3.0 (23.6) .21 −1.8 (4.5) .68
24 wk −2.2 (35.5) .60 2.0 (27.9) .54 −4.9 (4.6) .30
36 wk 5.7 (26.0) .10 −0.5 (24.8) .89 −4.0 (4.8) .41
LE power change, watts
12 wk −14.3 (55.7) .54 −3.9 (61.4) .02 −11.0 (10.2) .28
24 wk −11.3 (49.5) .06 −6.0 (58.9) .39 −11.8 (10.1) .24
36 wk 0.6 (53.5) .93 −12.3 (68.7) .17 −13.0 (13.2) .34
Six-minute walk distance change, m
12 wk 39.9 (63.4) <.001 35.0 (53.5) <.001 4.1 (9.0) .65
24 wk 31.8 (58.0) <.001 20.6 (76.2) .008 7.3 (10.2) .47
36 wk 34.5 (56.8) <.001 26.1 (72.8) <.001 9.9 (9.7) .31
Figure of 8 time change, s
12 wk −1.0 (1.6) <.001 −1.0 (2.0) <.001 −0.1 (0.2) .58
24 wk −0.8 (1.5) <.001 −0.7 (2.2) .002 −0.1 (0.2) .51
36 wk −0.7 (1.6) <.001 −0.8 (2.2) <.001 −0.0 (0.2) .98
Figure of 8 steps change, steps
12 wk −1.000 (2.3) <.001 −0.9 (2.3) <.001 −0.2 (0.3) .56
24 wk −1.0 (2.1) <.001 −0.4 (2.4) .10 −0.4 (0.3) .19
36 wk −0.7 (1.9) <.001 −0.7 (2.1) .001 0.0 (0.3) .95
Chair sit and reach change, cm
12 wk 0.6 (7.5) .42 2.4 (7.2) <.001 −1.6 (1.0) .12
24 wk 1.8 (7.7) .02 1.6 (8.4) .06 0.8 (1.2) .48
36 wk −0.8 (7.9) .34 −0.1 (8.6) .93 −0.2 (1.2) .87
Modified Gait Efficacy Scale change
12 wk −1.7 (10.8) .09 −0.2 (10.9) .84 −1.5 (1.3) .28
24 wk −1.4 (9.9) .13 −1.3 (9.5) .13 −0.3 (1.3) .81
36 wk −2.3 (12.0) .046 −1.6 (9.5) .07 −0.9 (1.3) .49
Short Physical Performance Battery change
12 wk 0.2 (1.5) .24 0.4 (1.3) .002 −0.2 (0.2) .28
24 wk 0.4 (1.4) <.001 0.5 (1.3) <.001 −0.1 (0.2) .68
36 wk 0.2 (1.4) .02 0.4 (1.3) .002 −0.2 (0.2) .36
a

Obtained using a linear mixed model with multiple imputation for missing values.