Figure 5. Reporting of Congenital Heart Defects and Dementia in Death Certificates.

Panel A shows the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) mortality data by cause of death. Results are expressed as the percentage based on the total number of deaths recorded each year. Panel B shows the concordance between the CDC mortality data and the age at death from Alzheimer disease (AD) calculated from the hypothetical death distribution. The black dashed lines indicate the estimate, and the black dotted lines indicate the CI for the inflection point estimated using threshold regressions. Panel C shows the proportion of deaths with a diagnosis of dementia obtained from death certificates at the CDC, from the difference between the estimated and observed age at death (imputed), and from the Down Alzheimer Barcelona Neuroimaging Initiative (DABNI) cohort.