Table 1.
HATICEa participants’ (intervention group) baseline characteristics by overall engagement during the trial.
|
|
Low engagement (N=208) | Moderate engagement (N=681) | High engagement (N=500) | P value | ||
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 69.6 (67.5-73.9) | 69.5 (67.3-72.8) | 69.0 (67.0-72.4) | .05 | ||
| Men, n (%) | 102 (49) | 385 (56.5) | 244 (48.8) | .02 | ||
| Educationb, n (%) | .02 | |||||
|
|
Low | 82 (39.4) | 201 (29.5) | 134 (26.8) |
|
|
|
|
Medium | 58 (27.9) | 206 (30.3) | 159 (31.8) |
|
|
|
|
High | 68 (32.7) | 274 (40.2) | 207 (41.4) |
|
|
| Country, n (%) | .006 | |||||
|
|
Netherlands | 121 (58.2) | 402 (59.0) | 244 (48.8) |
|
|
|
|
France | 22 (10.6) | 86 (12.6) | 69 (13.8) |
|
|
|
|
Finland | 65 (31.3) | 193 (28.3) | 187 (37.4) |
|
|
| Living with partner, n (%) | 146 (70.2) | 500 (73.4) | 361 (72.2) | .65 | ||
| Cognitive z scorec, mean (SD) | −0.14 (0.69) | 0.03 (0.58) | 0.00 (0.08) | .003 | ||
| SPPBd,e<10, n (%) | 47 (22.6) | 93 (13.7) | 78 (15.6) | .008 | ||
| Depressive symptomsf, n (%) | 27 (13) | 54 (7.9) | 39 (7.8) | .05 | ||
| HADSg anxiety scoreh, median (IQR) | 4 (2-6) | 4 (2-6) | 4 (2-6) | .16 | ||
| History of CVDi, n (%) | 60 (28.9) | 210 (31) | 154 (30.9) | .83 | ||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 41 (19.7) | 154 (22.7) | 101 (20.2) | .50 | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 170 (82.9) | 557 (83.5) | 409 (83.3) | .98 | ||
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 201 (97.1) | 653 (96) | 480 (96.6) | .74 | ||
| Currently smoking, n (%) | 20 (12.1) | 47 (7.5) | 29 (5.9) | .03 | ||
| Physically activej, n (%) | 128 (61.5) | 452 (66.5) | 334 (66.8) | .36 | ||
| Obese, n (%) | 82 (39.4) | 262 (38.5) | 185 (37) | .79 | ||
| MEDASk scorel, mean (SD) | 5.8 (2.0) | 6.2 (2.0) | 6.0 (1.9) | .10 | ||
| PIHm scoren, median (IQR) | 87 (79-91) | 87 (81-91) | 86 (81-91) | .53 | ||
| Trying to change lifestyle? n (%) | .001 | |||||
|
|
No plans | 25 (12) | 45 (6.6) | 30 (6) |
|
|
|
|
Long-term plans | 27 (13) | 78 (11.5) | 40 (8) |
|
|
|
|
Short-term plans | 35 (16.8) | 82 (12) | 88 (17.6) |
|
|
|
|
Short-term acting | 39 (18.8) | 120 (17.6) | 92 (18.4) |
|
|
|
|
Long-term acting | 82 (39.4) | 356 (52.3) | 250 (50) |
|
|
| Computer use in the last 4 weeks, n (%) | <.001 | |||||
|
|
No | 22 (11) | 18 (3) | 3 (1) |
|
|
|
|
Yes, <7 hours/week | 113 (55) | 395 (58) | 276 (55) |
|
|
|
|
Yes, ≥7 hours/week | 72 (35) | 267 (39) | 221 (44) |
|
|
aHATICE: Healthy Ageing Through Internet Counselling in the Elderly.
bLow, medium, and high education levels correspond to basic, postsecondary nontertiary, and tertiary levels, respectively.
cCognitive z score indicates average z scores of the Mini Mental Status Examination, Category Fluency, Stroop Color-Word Test, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test.
dSPPB: Short Physical Performance Battery.
eRange 0-12 points, where higher scores indicate better performance.
fGeriatric Depression Scale–15 score ≤5.
gHADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
hRange 0-21, where higher scores indicate increasing symptoms of anxiety.
iCVD: cardiovascular disease.
jDefined as meeting the World Health Organization guidelines of ≥150 minutes’ moderate-intensity or ≥75 minutes’ vigorous-intensity physical activity per week.
kMEDAS: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener.
lRange 0-14, where higher scores indicate higher adherence to Mediterranean diet.
mPIH: Partners in Health.
nRange 0-96, where higher scores indicate better chronic disease self-management.