TABLE 2.

The mechanisms of different HIV protease inhibitors in cervical cancer.

HIV protease inhibitor	Mode of action	References
Apoptosis inducers
Nelfinavir	Induces apoptosis by stimulating the production of ROS	Xiang et al. (2015)
Cell cycle arrest inducers
Nelfinavir	Induces cell cycle arrest at G1 phase by stimulating the production of ROS	Xiang et al. (2015)
Protect p53 from degradation
Lopinavir	Inhibits E6-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53	Park et al. (2021)
Indinavir	Inhibits E6-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53	Hampson et al. (2006)
Ritonavir	Inhibits E6-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53 by reducing E6 and E7 protein levels	Barillari et al. (2012); Park et al. (2021)
Saquinavir	Inhibits E6-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53 by reducing E6 and E7 protein levels	Bandiera et al. (2016); Park et al. (2021)
Cell invasion inhibitors
Ritonavir	Inhibits cell invasion by redcing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2	Barillari et al. (2012); Park et al. (2021)
Saquinavir	Inhibits cell invasion by reducing matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2	Barillari et al. (2012); Park et al. (2021)