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Phenotypes of global and continual KO of rhythmic genes in periarticular tissues
| Tissue | Gene type | Phenotype | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cartilage | Bmal1−/− | Osteoarthritic chondrocyte with high catabolism | [36, 44, 49] |
| Per2−/− | Chondrocyte with high anabolism | [49] | |
| Subchondral bone | Bmal1−/− | Bone resorption osteoblast | [29] |
| Bmal1−/− | Osteoclast with low bone resorption ability | [31] | |
| Synovium | Bmal1−/− | Inflammatory cell line | [32] |
| Skeletal muscle | Bmal1−/− | Premature aging muscle cell | [90] |
KO, knockout
