Figure 2.

Clinical course after admission. Left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral, cardiac index, and triiodothyronine levels are shown as graphs. Plasma exchange was initiated to treat hepatic failure. After plasma exchange, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral and % prothrombin time improved simultaneously. In particular, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral and cardiac index improved after the third and fourth plasma exchanges. PE, plasma exchange; VA-ECMO, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pumping.