Table I.
A comparison of the results of the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaires among acne patients from different countries
| Country | n | DLQI Mean ± SD | HADS Anxiety Mean ± SD | HADS Depression Mean ± SD | EQ-5D Mobility Mean ± SD | EQ-5D Selfcare Mean ± SD | EQ-5D Usual activities Mean ± SD | EQ-5D Pain or discomfort Mean ± SD | EQ-5D Anxiety or depression Mean ± SD | EQ-5D Health state Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkey | 75 | 6.47 ± 4.11 | 6.36 ± 3.31 | 3.79 ± 3.24 | 1.03 ± 0.16 | 1.01 ± 0.12 | 1.04 ± 0.20 | 1.12 ± 0.33 | 1.80 ± 0.52 | 79.1 ± 12.7 |
| Italy | 31 | 5.97 ± 5.27 | 6.87 ± 3.59 | 4.06 ± 3.53 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.03 ± 0.18 | 1.06 ± 0.25 | 1.39 ± 0.50 | 1.39 ± 0.50 | 82.1 ± 11.1 |
| UK | 30 | 6.87 ± 5.70 | 7.67 ± 4.79 | 3.80 ± 3.60 | 1.03 ± 0.18 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.03 ± 0.18 | 1.10 ± 0.31 | 1.37 ± 0.49 | 83.3 ± 13.2 |
| Norway | 23 | 8.74 ± 7.30 | 6.74 ± 4.89 | 3.65 ± 3.79 | 1.13 ± 0.34 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.26 ± 0.45 | 1.39 ± 0.50 | 1.70 ± 0.82 | 75.3 ± 20.4 |
| Russia | 13 | 6.00 ± 4.60 | 6.77 ± 2.89 | 4.23 ± 2.92 | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 1.38 ± 0.51 | 1.77 ± 0.44 | 64.1 ± 22.0 |
| Belgium | 11 | 4.18 ± 5.79 | 7.73 ± 4.34 | 4.45 ± 4.48 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.20 ± 0.42 | 1.30 ± 0.48 | 1.70 ± 0.67 | 71.9 ± 22.2 |
| Spain | 9 | 0.78 ± 1.39 | 5.33 ± 3.00 | 2.22 ± 1.99 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 87.2 ± 12.5 |
| Poland | 6 | 3.83 ± 2.93 | 2.67 ± 1.86 | 2.33 ± 1.97 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.17 ± 0.41 | 1.33 ± 0.52 | 92.8 ± 5.1 |
| Germanya | 4 | 5.25 ± 4.50 | 7.00 ± 2.16 | 5.75 ± 2.36 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.25 ± 0.50 | 1.75 ± 0.50 | 1.50 ± 0.58 | 75.0 ± 19.2 |
| Denmarka | 3 | 8.33 ± 8.02 | 7.00 ± 6.08 | 7.33 ± 4.73 | 1.67 ± 1.15 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 76.7 ± 22.6 |
| Hungarya | 3 | 2.00 ± 2.65 | 7.33 ± 5.69 | 4.67 ± 4.51 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 2.00 ± 1.00 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 91.0 ± 1.4 |
| The Netherlandsa | 3 | 8.67 ± 8.02 | 5.00 ± 4.36 | 4.33 ± 4.93 | 1.33 ± 0.58 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.67 ± 0.58 | 1.33 ± 0.58 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 65.7 ± 12.5 |
| Francea | 2 | 5.00 ± 4.24 | 8.50 ± 2.12 | 5.50 ± 6.36 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.00 | 2.00 ± 0.00 | 1.50 ± 0.71 | 80.0 |
| p | 0.001 | 0.124 | 0.801 | 0.108 | 0.059 | 0.019 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.005 |
a
Not included in the statistical analysis.
SD: standard deviation.