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. 2022 May 24;12:8731. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12686-4

Table 6.

Energy equivalents used in the study for different agricultural operations.

Particulars Units Energy coefficients (MJ Unit−1) References
Input
Human labour Man-hour 1.96 22
Diesel Litre 56.31 22
Nitrogen (N) Kg 66.14 22
Phosphorus (P2O5) Kg 22.44 22
Potassium (K2O) Kg 11.15 22
Herbicides, insecticides and pesticides Kg 120.00 22
Irrigation water ha-cm 143.56 22
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) Kg 8.40 12
Iron sulphate (FeSO4) Kg 110.00 12
Rice and wheat seed Kg 14.70 22,12
Tractor Kg 93.61 22
Other machinery Kg 62.70 22
Combine harvester Kg 87.63 22
Output
Rice and wheat seed Kg 14.70 22,12
Rice and wheat straw Kg 12.50 22,12