Table 1.

Selected list of major longitudinal epidemiology and aging cohorts studying VCI in the USA and worldwide

•  Framingham Heart Study (FHS)

•  Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC)

•  Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

•  Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS)

•  Hispanic Community Health Study-Study of Latinos (HCHS-SOL)

•  Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS)

•  Religious Orders Study

•  Rush Memory and Aging Project

•  Einstein Aging Study (EAS)

•  Health and Retirement Study (HRS)

•  Age, Genes/Susceptibility study Reykjavik (AGES-RS)

•  Three Cities study (3C)

•  Rotterdam Study (RS)

•  Austrian Study of Stroke Prevention (ASPS)

•  Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)

•  Singapore Longitudinal Aging Studies (SLAS)

•  English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)

•  The Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation Study (NorLAG)

•  The German Ageing Survey (DEAS)

•  Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA)

•  The Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR)

•  Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA)

•  China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)

•  Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER)