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Action mechanism of CAR-Ts for the elimination of target tumor cells expressing the CAR target antigen. Transduction of T cells with viral particles harboring the CAR-encoding transgene leads to the stable expression of CARs on the surface of the transduced T cells. Upon target antigen encountering, CAR-Ts are activated and they release perforin and granzymes leading to tumor cell death. CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; scFv, single-chain variable fragment; TM, transmembrane domain.
