Fig. 1.

The process of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) generation, cross-linking with collagen (COL), and interaction with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). The numbers indicate eight strategies for intervention against AGEs. (1) Control of sugar intake, stabilization of blood sugar, and decreasing accumulation of AGEs. (2) Use of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress and inhibit the last step of the Maillard reaction. (3) Use of AGEs to form inhibitors to decrease the production of AGEs. (4) Consumption of a low-AGEs diet to decrease the intake of exogenous AGEs. (5) Use of soluble forms of AGEs receptors or AGEs lysozyme to eliminate AGEs. (6) Use of medications (such as ALT-7I1) to break AGEs cross-links. (7) Inhibition of the AGEs receptor RAGE to prevent downstream signalling pathways from functioning. (8) Inhibition of AGEs signal transduction to block activated intracellular pathways.