TABLE 5.

One-way ANCOVA on self-efficacy in learning English between two groups.

	Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	p	${\mathrm{\eta }}_{\text{p}}^2$
Intercept	1.75	1	1.75	3.91	0.05	0.08
Pretest	17.61	1	17.61	39.30	0.00*	0.45
Group	1.10	1	1.10	2.45	0.12	0.05
Error	21.50	48	0.45

R Squared = 0.496 (Adjusted R Squared = 0.476); * is significant at 0.05 level.