Table 1.
upregulated lncRNAs detected in nasopharyngeal samples from patients with high SARS-CoV-2 viral loads that have been functionally characterized in different cellular processes or pathologies.
| Symbol | ENSEMBL gene | Location | Comments | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRIR | ENSG00000225964 | chr2:6968685 -6980595 |
Negative regulator of interferon response. Experimental evidence linked this lncRNA to the control of the cellular immunity against viral infections. | 51-53 |
| BISPR | ENSG00000282851 | chr19:17516495 -17526545 |
Interferon-stimulated positive regulator. This lncRNA belongs to a specific transcriptomic fingerprint developed in response to viral infections. | 54-56 |
| LINC02068 | ENSG00000223387 | chr3:172278691 -172313397 |
This lncRNA has been described as a part of a molecular signature that predicts the outcome of endometrial cancer. | 57 |
| LINC01208 | ENSG00000223715 | chr3:176321936 -176353320 |
Member of a molecular biomarker signature determined in breast cancer that can independently predict the patient survival rate. | 58 |
| USP30-AS1 | ENSG00000256262 | chr12:109489846 -109491770 |
Antisense transcript to the USP30 gene. It has been characterized as an enhancer of cell proliferation in myeloid leukemia, colon, and cervical cancers. Its regulatory mechanisms involve the direct control of the expression of USP30 gene and the sponging of several miRNAs. | 59-61 |
| U62317.2 | ENSG00000272666 | chr22: 50604217 -50640354 |
In bladder cancer, this lncRNA has been described as an important player in the regulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and directly related with the overall disease prognosis. | 62 |
| DLGAP1-AS5 | ENSG00000261520 | chr18:4264602 -4296000 |
Antisense transcript to the DLGAP1 gene. In gastric cancer, its overexpression has been related with an increased endogenous immune response against the tumor and a better prognosis. | 63 |
| FMR1-IT1 | ENSG00000236337 | chrX:147028461-147029103 | Internal transcript to FMR1 gene. In head and neck carcinomas, this lncRNAs has been described as an independent prognosis biomarker. | 64 |
| MIR155HG | ENSG00000234883 | chr21:26934457-26947480 | Host gene for miR-155. This lncRNAs has been characterized as an important regulatory factor of innate immune response against viral infections and inflammation. Its regulatory actions are exerted via direct transcriptional control, epigenetic activation, miRNA sponging and the production of micropeptides. | 65-70 |
| C5orf56 | ENSG00000197536 | chr5:131746621-131811736 | Chromosome 5, open reading frame 56. Described in genetic associations with autoimmune diseases, but also as a prognosis factor of bladder cancer by its involvement in the regulation of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. | 62, 71, 72 |