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. 2022 Jun;12(6):3454–3479. doi: 10.21037/qims-21-939

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Typical spine image segmentation with DL. (A) Vertebrae segmentation. (B) Intervertebral discs segmentation. (C) Multi-task segmentation. [The spine images of (A-C) were reproduced with permission from the public dataset provided in Reference (29)]. Source: https://www.spinesegmentation-challenge.com. (D) is derived from Vertebra Superior View-en by Jmarchn, used under Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0). (D) is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 by Biao. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:718_Vertebra-en.svg.) DL, deep learning.