Table 4.
Logistic regression: odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between participant characteristics and receipt of vaccine.
| Characteristics | Covid-19 vaccine (N = 4230) | Influenza (N = 3723) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Adjustedb | Unadjusted | Adjustedc | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Male | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) | 0.94 (0.74–1.18) | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 1.07 (0.90–1.26) | 1.01 (0.83–1.22) |
| Race | |||||
| White | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Non-White | 1.06 (0.83–1.36) | 1.14 (0.87–1.51) | 1.26 (0.93–1.69) | 0.86 (0.71–1.05) | 0.87 (0.70–1.09) |
| Education at enrollment | |||||
| High school/GED | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Post-secondary | 2.00 (1.68–2.37) | 1.67 (1.38–2.03) | 1.67 (1.36–2.06) | 1.44 (1.24–1.66) | 1.16 (0.98–1.37) |
| Annual household income | |||||
| <$50,000 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| $50,001–$100,000 | 1.66 (1.34–2.06) | 1.58 (1.24–2.03) | 1.47 (1.13–1.91) | 1.45 (1.22–1.73) | 1.37 (1.12–1.68) |
| Over $100,000 | 2.19 (1.72–2.78) | 2.04 (1.53–2.72) | 1.73 (1.28–2.35) | 1.88 (1.55–2.28) | 1.77 (1.41–2.23) |
| I do not wish to answer | 1.30 (1.06–1.60) | 1.21 (0.96–1.53) | 1.19 (0.93–1.53) | 1.21 (1.02–1.44) | 1.09 (0.90–1.33) |
| Disease duration (years) | |||||
| ≤10 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 11–19 | 1.56 (0.82–2.96) | 1.43 (0.64–3.24) | 1.70 (0.71–4.07) | 1.12 (0.61–2.05) | 0.88 (0.39–1.95) |
| ≥20 | 1.83 (1.00–3.35) | 1.49 (0.68–3.28) | 1.79 (0.77–4.16) | 1.13 (0.63–2.01) | 0.79 (0.36–1.73) |
| PDDS | |||||
| Mild (0–1) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Moderate (2–4) | 0.92 (0.74–1.13) | 0.97 (0.77–1.24) | 0.97 (0.75–1.25) | 0.97 (0.82–1.15) | 1.04 (0.86–1.27) |
| Severe (5–8) | 0.79 (0.65–0.96) | 0.93 (0.72–1.19) | 0.94 (0.72–1.23) | 0.81 (0.69–0.95) | 0.97 (0.79–1.19) |
| Any DMT in last 6 months | 1.17 (0.99–1.37) | 1.34 (1.11–1.61) | 1.16 (0.95–1.41) | - | - |
| Current smoking | 0.65 (0.49–0.86) | 0.97 (0.69–1.38) | 1.11 (0.77–1.61) | 0.59 (0.46–0.75) | 0.69 (0.52–0.92) |
| Leisure activity | 1.44 (1.23–1.69) | 1.25 (1.03–1.52) | 1.14 (0.93–1.41) | 1.42 (1.24–1.61) | 1.29 (1.09–1.51) |
| Alcohol intake | |||||
| Never | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2–3 times per week | 1.59 (1.20–2.11) | 1.39 (1.00–1.92) | 1.30 (0.92–1.83) | 1.40 (1.12–1.76) | 1.28 (0.99–1.66) |
| 2–4 times per month | 1.49 (1.17–1.91) | 1.34 (1.01–1.77) | 1.26 (0.93–1.69) | 1.31 (1.08–1.60) | 1.24 (0.99–1.56) |
| 4 or more times per week | 2.09 (1.55–2.81) | 1.72 (1.23–2.39) | 1.58 (1.11–2.25) | 1.72 (1.37–2.17) | 1.49 (1.15–1.93) |
| Monthly or less | 1.32 (1.08–1.61) | 1.35 (1.08–1.70) | 1.26 (0.99–1.61) | 1.25 (1.06–1.47) | 1.27 (1.05–1.53) |
| Anxiety (Yes vs No) | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | 1.19 (0.92–1.54) | 1.06 (0.81–1.40) | 1.21 (1.02–1.44) | 1.31 (1.06–1.63) |
| Depression (Yes vs No) | 1.10 (0.93–1.30) | 1.21 (0.99–1.50) | 1.09 (0.87–1.36) | 1.19 (1.03–1.36) | 1.22 (1.03–1.44) |
| Flu Shot (Yes vs No) | 7.47 (6.30–8.85) | ─ | 6.45 (5.33–7.80) | ─ | ─ |
| Age group (years) | |||||
| 18–50 | 0.47 (0.37–0.62) | 0.30 (0.22–0.43) | 0.40 (0.28–0.58) | – | – |
| 51–64 | 0.58 (0.49–0.68) | 0.43 (0.35–0.53) | 0.52 (0.42–0.64) | – | – |
| ≥65 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | – | – |
| Any DMT in last 6 months | 1.17 (0.99–1.37) | 1.34 (1.11–1.61) | 1.16 (0.95–1.41) | – | – |
| Age group (years) | |||||
| 18–50—No DMT | – | – | – | 0.60 (0.48–0.76) | 0.28 (0.17–0.47) |
| 18–50—Any DMT d | – | – | – | 0.62 (0.47–0.83) | 0.44 (0.32–0.62) |
| 51–64—No DMT | – | – | – | 0.67 (0.58–0.77) | 0.46 (0.37–0.58) |
| 51–64—Any DMTd | – | – | – | 0.72 (0.59–0.88) | 0.64 (0.51–0.80) |
| ≥65—No DMT | – | – | – | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≥65—Any DMT | – | – | – | 1.30 (1.14–1.48) | 1.23 (0.99–1.53) |
Bold font denotes statistical significance at p <0.05. GED: general education diploma; PDDS: patient determined disease steps; DMT: disease-modifying therapy.
a
Hosmer Lemeshow Goodness of Fit: ꭕ2 = 2.55, p = 0.96, c-statistic = 0.67.
b
Hosmer Lemeshow Goodness of Fit: ꭕ2 = 3.74, p = 0.88, c-statistic = 0.78.
c
Hosmer Lemeshow Goodness of Fit: ꭕ2 = 8.05, p = 0.43, c-statistic = 0.64.
d
Unadjusted models include age-group, any disease-modifying therapy, age-group*any disease-modifying therapy. Adjusted models include all covariates for which results are shown.